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COMMUNITY  WORK 

OF  THE 

YOUNG  MEN^S 
CHRISTIAN  ASSOCIATION 

(REVISED  EDITION) 


/ 

FRANK  H.  T.  RITCHIE 

Community  Secretary 

International  Committee  of  Young  Men's 

Christian  Associations 


With  an  Introduction  by 

ERNEST  R.  GROVES 

Professor  of  Sociology 
New  Hampshire  State  College 


124  East  28th  Street,  New  York 
1917 


Copyright,  1917,  by 

The  International  Committee  of  Young  Men's  Christian 

Associations 


CONTENTS 

PAeir 

Preface  v 

Introduction vii 

I.     History 1 

II.     The  Field 6 

III.  The  Objectives 11 

IV.  The  Underlying  Principles 1£ 

V.     Types  of  Community  Association  Work 16 

VI.     Leadership  Needed 20 

VII.     Preliminary  Steps  in  Organizing  a  Community 

Young  Men's  Christian  Association 83 

VIII.     Organization  Visualized 28 

IX.     Suggestive  Program  of  Committee  Service.  ...  33 

X.     The  Need  of  a  Balanced  Program 50 

XI.     Suggestions  for  a  Board  of  Directors 53 

XII.     Visitation  Centers 60 

XIII.  Approved  and  Adopted  Resolutions 64 

XIV.  Kindred  Organizations 70 

XV.     Bibliography 83 

Appendix — Constitution  and  By-Laws 93 


PREFACE 

Our  rapidly  changing  and  complex  civilization  has 
resulted  in  a  multiplicity  of  organizations.  Any  pro- 
gressive rehgious  movement  which  is  striving  to  meet 
the  needs  of  boys  and  young  men,  and  to  be  a  constant 
and  growing  factor  in  the  extension  of  the  Kingdom, 
finds  it  necessary  from  time  to  time  to  re-define  its 
objectives  clearly  and  to  re-state  its  policy. 

The  rapid  development  of  Young  Men's  Christian 
Association  work,  along  with  the  experience  that  has 
come  as  a  result  of  the  various  experimentations  in  the 
United  States  and  Canada,  has  made  necessary  the 
publishing  of  this  second  edition  of  the  Hand-Book  on 
Community  Association  Work. 

The  material  contained  in  the  following  pages  is  the 
result  of  many  conferences  and  nine  years  of  study  and 
observation  of  the  underlying  principles  and  methods 
of  organization  of  the  Community  Young  Men's  Chris- 
tian Association  work. 


INTRODUCTION 

This  is  a  significant  book.  It  reveals  one  of  the 
largest  opportunities  for  service  that  has  been  given 
the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association.  This  organ- 
ization, that  undertakes  so  many  lines  of  efficient 
Christian  service,  defines  in  the  following  pages  its 
program  for  community  work,  a  form  of  activity  which 
promises  a  contribution  of  very  great  social  value. 

Surely  no  kind  of  effort  contains  more  social  promise 
than  this  which  puts  emphasis  upon  community 
cooperation  and  the  conservation  of  community  re- 
sources. The  movement  of  the  social  sciences  is  toward 
the  larger  recognition  of  the  importance  of  the  com- 
munity life  for  the  individual.  We  do  not  live  our 
lives  apart  from  others.  This  fact  is  the  basis  in  our 
day  of  all  serious,  sane  social  thinking.  From  every 
point  where  science  attempts  to  interpret  human 
experience,  we  are  obtaining  knowledge  that  discloses 
more  definitely  and  more  impressively  the  relation 
between  individual  career  and  community  conditions. 
It  is  in  childhood  especially  that  we  find  the  pre- 
dominance of  community  influence,  and  childhood  is 
the  destiny  determining  period  of  life. 

It  is  indeed  a  happy  fact  that  an  organization  so 
successful  in  technique  as  the  Young  Men's  Christian 
Association  keeps  close  to  modern  thought  and  modern 
needs,  and  is  therefore  well  prepared  to  assume  such 
a  constructive  and  fundamental  program  of  service  as 
community  work  demands,  for  the  reader  of  this  book 

vii 


viii  INTRODUCTION 

will  not  fail  to  realize  the  skill  and  social  penetration 
that  community  leadership  requires.  The  task  of  such 
leadership  is  difficult  and  exacting,  as  is  to  be  expected 
in  a  ministration  where  the  opportunities  for  service 
are  so  tremendous.  As  the  author  clearly  states,  the 
success  of  the  community  program  depends  upon  a 
wise  use  of  community  resources.  No  attempt  is  made 
to  usurp  social  functions  that  belong  to  existing  insti- 
tutions such  as  the  home,  the  school,  or  the  church. 
The  emphasis  is  upon  social  correlation  and  coopera- 
tion, and  who  doubts  that  this  is  the  hopeful  way  toward 
happier  social  conditions? 

The  community  program  idea  looks  forward.  It 
has  greater  contact  with  the  future  than  the  past. 
The  community  leader  has  taken  a  strategic  stand  out 
on  the  frontier  of  social  service.  He  belongs  to  the 
new  era  in  Christian  effort  which  is  now  so  rapidly 
replacing  the  period  that  from  personal  experience  we 
have  all  known  so  well,  when  individual  welfare  dis- 
connected from  community  needs  appeared  as  the 
objective.  It  is  now  treason  against  modern  knowledge 
to  fail  to  realize  that  "to  give  ideals  and  spiritual 
impulse  to  individuals  is  good;  to  do  this  and  also  to 
help  direct  and  spiritualize  social  forces  is  better." 
In  this  splendid  sentiment  the  author  reveals  his 
conviction  which  permeates  the  work  and  insures  for 
it  a  very  great  usefulness. 

Ernest  R.  Groves. 
July,  1917 


HISTORY 

From  the  County  Work  Department  first  came  the 
plan  by  which  Association  work  could  be  done  in  rural 
communities  without  the  necessity  of  erecting  a  build- 
ing. Personality,  method,  and  organization  were  the 
big  factors.  In  1909  an  application  of  this  principle, 
along  with  an  adaptation  of  the  methods,  was  made  in 
a  community  of  12,000  population. 

For  a  number  of  years  previous  to  this  experiment  it 
had  been  a  fixed  policy  of  the  International  Committee, 
and,  so  far  as  can  be  ascertained,  of  the  State  and  Pro- 
vincial Committees,  to  discourage  the  organization  of 
Associations  in  any  city  where  sufficient  funds  could 
not  be  secured  to  erect  a  suitable  building.  The  experi- 
ment, though  somewhat  at  variance  with  this  policy, 
was  inaugurated  by  the  State  Committee  in  a  South* 
western  city.  This  city,  which  had  been  without  any 
form  of  Association  organization  or  work,  was  thought 
not  to  be  ready  for  a  building  campaign  for  a  few  years, 
but  there  was  a  demand  on  the  part  of  some  of  the  best 
citizens  for  an  Association  program,  particularly  in  be- 
half of  the  boys  of  the  community. 

A  provisional  committee,  composed  of  leading  busi- 
ness men,  with  representation  on  the  State  Committee, 
was  effected  A  Secretary  experienced  in  Boys'  Work 
was  secured,  funds  to  cover  the  budget  were  raised, 
and  Association  work  without  a  building  or  rooms, 
except  the  Secretary's  office,  was  begun. 

J 


2  HISTORY 

The  Secretary  and  volunteer  workers  associated  with 
him  found  a  wide-open  door  of  opportunity  for  work 
with  boys  in  cooperation  with  the  Home,  the  Church, 
the  School,  and  other  agencies  of  the  community.  At 
its  inception  the  experiment  was  called  * 'Non-equip- 
ment Work,"  because  of  the  absence  of  any  Association 
building.  Later  it  was  known  as  "Institution  Work.'* 
Probably  the  reason  for  this  was  that  the  Secretary 
promoted  the  program  of  the  Association  largely 
through  other  institutions.  Later  the  term  "Com- 
munity Boys'  Work"  came  into  usage.  In  more  recent 
years  the  word  "Boys"  has  been  omitted  and  the  term 
"Community  Young  Men's  Christian  Association 
Work"  adopted  and  generally  accepted. 

The  experiment  developed  a  plan  of  Association 
work,  fruitful  in  results,  on  an  expenditure  of  money 
which  most  cities  of  5,000  population  and  over  find  it 
possible  to  provide.  The  success  of  the  work  brought 
forth  further  demonstrations  and  adaptations  of  the 
plan.  It  was  soon  recognized  that  the  principle  on 
which  Community  Work  was  being  built  was  scientifi- 
cally sound,  for  it  took  cognizance  of  the  fundamental 
agencies  in  the  community  and  endeavored  actually  to 
supplement  and  not  to  compete  with  them.  Conse- 
quently, the  Association  existed  in  the  community 
largely  as  a  correlating  and  cooperating  force,  assisting 
in  increasing  and  extending  the  efficiency  of  the  Home, 
the  Church,  the  School,  and  the  Municipality.  Its 
program,  because  of  its  religious  emphasis,  along  with 
its  social  expression,  met  with  a  ready  response  on  the 
part  of  clergymen  and  laymen. 

Originally  Conamunity  Association  Work  was  thought 


HISTORY  3 

of  as  being  primarily  suited  to  small  unorganized  cities, 
but  time  demonstrated  that  it  was  also  applicable  to 
the  larger  cities,  and  likely  to  have  a  great  develop- 
ment there.  In  1913  Chicago  established  the  first 
department  for  Community  Work  in  a  district  of  a 
large  city,  and  later  organized  three  others.  The 
demonstration  in  Chicago  has  been  duplicated  in  other 
large  cities  throughout  the  country. 

To  serve  the  entire  city  adequately,  including  those 
sections  not  being  reached  through  a  building  program, 
many  boards  of  directors  are  now  thinking  in  terms  of 
branches  and  departments  on  the  Community  basis,  in 
-addition  to  branches  with  buildings.  There  also  seems 
to  be  a  tendency  in  some  cities  where  Community  Work 
is  being  promoted,  to  erect  an  Association  Community 
building.  This  is  due  to  a  lack  of  adequate  available 
equipment  to  conduct  such  activities  as  will  permit 
the  community  to  give  expression  to  its  better  self. 
The  building  is  owned  by  the  Young  Men's  Christian 
Association.  (See  Chapter  V,  "Types  of  Community 
Work,"  fourth  type.) 

The  recognition  that  Community  Work  has  received 
during  the  past  few  years  does  not  of  necessity  suggest 
that  there  should  be  less  emphasis  on  the  work  of  the 
Young  Men's  Christian  Association  in  buildings.  Ex- 
perience is  demonstrating  that  each  type  of  work  has 
its  definite  place  in  a  well-rounded  Association  pro- 
gram. Associations  with  buildings  are  increasingly  in- 
cluding Community  Work  in  their  city- wide  program; 
on  the  other  hand,  it  is  not  uncommon  for  Associations 
on  the  Community  Work  basis  to  erect,  in  connection 
with  their  program,  standard  city  buildings  and,  in 


4  HISTORY 

some  instances,  Community  buildings;  while  in  other 
centers  the  indications  are,  on  account  of  local  con- 
ditions, that  the  Association  without  a  building  of  its 
own  may  indefinitely  prosecute  a  vigorous  Community 
Work.  These  more  recent  developments  of  Associa- 
tion work  are  another  indication  of  the  tendency  of 
the  Association  to  occupy  its  field  fully,  and  of  the 
vitality  and  flexibility  of  the  whole  movement. 


II 

THE  FIELD 

The  accompanying  table  is  an  analytical  study  of 
the  unoccupied  field  in  the  United  States,  which  is  a 
constant  challenge  to  the  Young  Men's  Christian  As- 
sociation. The  map  on  page  8  visualizes  the  six 
hundred  and  fifty-nine  unorganized  communities  of 
five  thousand  population  and  over. 

On  other  pages  Community  Work  in  a  large  city 
field  is  made  graphic  by  showing  in  solid  black  the 
districts  organized  in  Chicago,  Denver,  and  Newark, 
and  in  lighter  shading  the  organizable  districts.  These 
maps  illustrate  the  policy  of  these  cities  and  indicate 
how  adequately  a  city  may  be  served  through  supple- 
menting the  building  work  by  organizing  Community 
Associations  in  designated  sections.  These  are  a  few 
of  the  cities  that  have  established  branch  Associations 
on  the  Community  basis,  and  have  adopted  a  long 
term  Community  policy.  Some  of  these  organizations 
may  culminate  in  buildings,  while  others  will  remain 
on  the  Community  basis. 

Who  can  estimate  the  tremendous  impact  for  Chris- 
tian manhood  that  will  be  made  on  the  life  of  the 
nation,  when  these  fields  are  fully  occupied  by  the 
Association  operating  either  with  buildings  or  on  the 
Community  basis,  and  each  supplementing  the  other! 

The  time  has  arrived  when  the  Church  and  the 
Young  Men's  Christian  Association  must  not  be  con- 
tent with  carrying  on  a  defensive  warfare  against  or- 

5 


6  THE  FIELD 

ganized  sin,  or  even  with  holding  their  own.  If  Christ 
is  all  that  we  claim  He  is,  we  should  sustain  an  aggres- 
sive campaign,  which  shall  make  for  permanent  progress 
in  the  direction  of  a  realization  of  the  coming  of  the 
Kingdom  of  God  in  society  as  well  as  in  the  hearts 
and  lives  of  boys  and  men. 


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187 

33 

1,185,445 

1,021,184 

164,261 

6,000-  7,000 

135 

110 

25 

872,439 

709,171 

163,268 

7,000-  8,000 

99 

65 

34 

735,759 

483,858 

251,901 

8,000-  9,000 

96 

67 

29 

812,484 

570,427 

242,057 

9,000-  10,000 

79 

49 

30 

745,193 

463,771 

281,422 

10,000-  11,000 

56 

31 

25 

585,217 

322,609 

262,608 

11,000-  12,000 

53 

29 

24 

607,655 

334,262 

273,393 

12,000-  13,000 

40 

22 

18 

503,656 

276,725 

226,931 

13,000-  14,000 

31 

17 

14 

417,555 

228,482 

189,073 

14,000-  15,000 

34 

17 

17 

494,446 

246,683 

247,763 

15,000-  20,000 

95 

28 

67 

1,639,451 

484,244 

1,155,207 

20,000-  25,000 

55 

14 

41 

1,253,719 

316,718 

937,001 

25,000-  50,000 

121 

20 

101 

4,109,835 

604,972 

3,504,863 

50,000-  75,000 

38 

2 

36 

2,321,035 

122,405 

2,198,630 

75,000-100,000 

22 

1 

21 

1,916,060 

82,331 

1,833,729 

Over  100,000 

50 

50 

20,311,651 

20,311,651 

Total 

1124 

659 

565 

38,511,600 

6,267,842 

32,243,758 

Note:  Although  565  centers  are  organized,  many  of  those 
fields  are  by  no  means  fully  occupied.  In  addition  to  overtaking 
the  unorganized  centers,  we  must  in  many  of  our  large  cities 
supplement  the  work  in  buildings  with  from  one  to  twenty  Com- 
munity Organizations,  in  order  to  occupy  the  field  adequately 
and  to  meet  the  needs.  To  do  this,  it  is  estimated  that  about 
one  thousand  Community  Secretaries  will  be  needed. 


Chart    Showing   Number    of    Places    of    5,000 

Population  and  over  Without  a  Young 

Men's    Christian    Association 

^m  fooCte°     Percentage  of  places  without  an  Association 

5  to  6   85% 

6  to  7  82% 

7  to  8  66% 

8  to  9  70% 

9  to  10  62% 

10  to  11  55% 

11  to  12  55% 

12  to  13  55% 

13  to  14  55% 

14  to  15  50% 

15  to  20  30% 
20  to  25  25% 
25  to  50  17% 
50  to  75  5% 
75  to  100  5% 

over  100 


Percentage  of  number  of  places  without  a  Young  Men's  Christian 
Association. 

Percentage  of  number  of  places  with  a  Young  Men's   Christian 
Association. 


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Ill 

OBJECTIVES 

The  objectives  of  Community  Young  Men's  Chris- 
tian Association  Work  are  dealt  with  at  some  length  in 
Chapter  IV,  on  "Underlying  Principles"  and  Chapter 
X  on  "The  Need  of  a  Balanced  Program."  Briefly, 
these  objectives  are: 

First.  To  bring  individual  boys  and  men  to  a  per- 
sonal knowledge  of  Jesus  Christ  as  their  Saviour,  to 
lead  them  to  dedicate  their  lives  to  Him,  and  to  train 
them  as  His  disciples  in  active  service  for  others. 

Second.  To  relate  the  Association  program  to  the 
churches  of  the  community  and  to  enlist  boys  and 
men  in  active  church  membership. 

Third.  To  stimulate  in  the  community  a  program 
of  activities  for  the  welfare  and  uplifting  of  boy  life  in 
all  that  stands  for  the  highest  manhood. 

Fourth.  To  include  in  this  program  such  practical 
steps  toward  eliminating  causes  of  evil  as  may  be  in 
harmony  with  our  objectives,  and  not  to  be  content 
merely  with  alleviating  the  results  of  evil. 

Fifth.  To  cooperate  with  other  agencies  working  to 
Christianize  community  life. 

Sixth.  To  supplement  and  strengthen  the  Home, 
the  Church,  the  School,  and  the  Municipality  in  their 
relations  to  the  social,  recreational,  educational,  moral, 
and  spiritual  life  of  the  community. 


11 


IV 

UNDERLYING  PRINCIPLES 

The  adolescent  boy  is  not  an  isolated  individual,  but 
an  inseparable  part  of  the  family  and  society.  You 
cannot  in  any  large  way  help  or  harm  one  without 
helping  or  harming  the  other.  The  causes  which 
operate  to  produce  unfavorable  conditions  surrounding 
human  life  and  its  development  are  many.  Environ- 
ment, parenthood,  and  childhood  are  all  factors  con- 
tributing to  the  boy's  physical,  intellectual,  and  spirit- 
ual life.  When  you  approach  the  boy  and  girl  problem 
you  touch  the  center  from  which  radiate  the  threads 
that  are  woven  into  the  very  woof  and  warp  of  the 
social  fabric.  Therefore,  it  is  good  strategy  for  the 
Young  Men's  Christian  Association  to  consider  all  the 
elements  that  make  or  mar  both  the  boy  himself  and 
the  family  and  society  of  which  he  is  a  part. 

The  danger  is  that  we  shall  think  only  in  terms  of  a 
program  of  activities,  forgetting  that  many  of  the 
tendencies  and  characteristics  which  we  wish  were  not 
the  boy's,  are  traceable  to  these  early  factors  of  environ- 
ment and  parenthood.  Consequently,  to  concentrate  on 
activities  to  the  neglect  of  a  program  which  deals  with 
causes  of  deficient  character  is  to  fail  to  take  advantage 
of  the  available  forces  which  may  be  sources  of  power 
and  to  harness  them  to  a  character-building  program. 

The  tendency  of  the  Association  in  the  past  has  been 
largely  to  take  the  boy  at  the  adolescent  period  and 
provide  a  place  where  he  might  go  for  inspiration, 

12 


UNDERLYING  PRINCIPLES  13 

training,  and  wholesome  recreation.  When  we  con- 
template Community  Association  Work,  we  are  brought 
face  to  face  with  the  tremendous  factor  of  environment 
in  character  building,  and,  without  relaxing  our  efforts 
in  dealing  directly  with  the  adolescent  boy  and  his 
activities,   we  are  discovering  that  we  have  become 


vitally  concerned  over  the  kind  of  parents  he  has,  what 
are  his  home,  his  church,  and  his  school,  his  play  life, 
his  mental  and  physical  endowment,  and  the  prepara- 
tion he  is  now  receiving  for  the  critical  stages  that  are 
ahead  of  him. 

The  Community  Young  Men's  Christian  Association 
recognizes  that  the  boy  problem  is  fundamentally  in- 
volved in  the  social,  economic,  and  religious  problems 
of  the  age,  and  any  program  which  attempts  to  lay 


14  UNDERLYING  PRINCIPLES 

siege  to  the  citadel  of  boyhood  must  take  cognizance  of 
these  factors  and  reckon  with  them.  To  give  ideals  and 
spiritual  impetus  to  individuals  is  good;  to  do  this, 
and  also  to  help  direct  and  spiritualize  social  forces,  is 
better. 

We  want,  if  possible,  to  improve  our  chances  of 
helping  the  boy  actively,  when  he  is  at  the  susceptible 
period  of  life. 

Community  Association  Work,  in  other  words,  is 
teaching  us  to  look  upon  the  life  of  the  community  as 
a  whole.  It  asks  us  to  become  intelligent  concerning 
conditions  surrounding  child  life  and  the  laws  govern- 
ing its  development.  We  are  obliged  to  become  stu- 
dents of  the  social  and  religious  problems  of  our 
time.  The  touchstone  of  them  all  is  the  life  of  the 
child.  Almost,  if  not  every  question  involved,  grows 
out  of  the  necessity  of  protecting  his  birth  and  de- 
velopment. After  all  is  said  and  done,  the  Home, 
the  Church,  the  School,  and  the  Municipality  are  the 
agencies  which  eventually  must  meet  the  needs  of  the 
boy  life  of  any  community,  if  they  are  to  be  met  in  a 
permanent,  constructive,  and  comprehensive  way.  The 
recognition  of  this  fact  on  the  part  of  these  agencies  is 
rapidly  growing,  and  is  strikingly  illustrated  in  the 
tendency  of  the  times  to  make  wider  use  of  the  school 
buildings  and  public  parks  and  vacant  lots  for  play 
purposes.  It  does  not  need  a  prophet  to  predict  that 
the  day  is  near  when  these  things  will  be  actualized  in 
an  increasing  number  of  communities. 

For  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association  per- 
manently to  take  over  the  tasks  which  properly  fall 
within  the  province  of  these  institutions,  because  they 


Groups  in  an  Unsocialized  Community 
Common  Ground  Unused 


tionlli 


Political  Partyl    Political  Part^] 


Nobody  boosts  our  Community 


This  chart  presents  the  situation  in  a  community  where  there 
is  no  united  community  action.  Each  institution  works  for  itself 
and  the  general  field  is  quite  unoccupied.  (Chart  furnished  by 
Richard  Henry  Edwards.) 


Groups  in  a  Socialized  Community 
Common  Ground  Developed 


Church  X 


Church  n 


Social  Club 


Lodgel 


WomenV] 
kGroup 


Trade 

Assocla^ 

tion] 


Political  Party  I  Political  Party  II, 


Everybody  boosts  our  Community 


This  chart  presents  a  community  whose  institutions  are  united 
in  a  great  community  program.  Each  institution  brings  its  par- 
ticular contribution  to  the  general  good  and  a  wide  field  of  joint 
activity  results.      (Chart  furnished  by  Richard  Henry  Edwards.) 


UNDERLYING  PRINCIPLES  15 

are  not  rendering  the  needed  service,  is  to  postpone 
the  day  when  they  will  be  effective.  Substitution, 
either  of  responsibility  or  activity,  weakens  the  insti- 
tutions which  ought  to  do  the  work.  It  is  far  better  to 
strengthen  these  organizations,  to  inspire  them  to  as- 
sume their  tasks,  and  to  help  them  to  meet  the  situation. 

It  is  well  for  us  to  remember  that  historically  we 
have  homes  and  schools  because  of  children.  The 
child  brought  these  institutions  into  being.  They  exist 
for  him.  We  are  enthroning  children  today,  not  only 
in  the  name  of  what  they  are,  but  in  the  name  of  what, 
by  right  treatment,  they  may  become  and  may  cause 
the  race  to  become. 

The  method  used  is  to  establish  a  local  Young  Men's 
Christian  Association  on  the  Community  basis.  The 
Secretary  has  a  conveniently  located  office  as  head- 
quarters. He  bends  much  of  his  effort  in  cooperating 
with  the  organizations  working  for  the  betterment  of 
the  community  and  the  uplifting  of  character,  reducing 
to  the  minimum  duplication  and  overlapping,  and 
hastening  the  day  when  the  Home,  the  Church,  the 
School,  and  the  Municipality  will  render  their  maxi- 
mum service  to  the  community.  This  calls  for  leader- 
ship which  must  anticipate  the  future  of  the  com- 
munity and  organize  and  stimulate  forces  which  will 
mold  the  city  physically  as  well  as  morally  for  the 
sake  of  the  boy.  The  Community  Young  Men's  Chris- 
tian Association  aims  to  be  primarily  a  correlating  and 
unifying  dynamic  religious  force,  with  a  social  welfare 
purpose,  vitalizing,  socializing,  and  spiritualizing  the 
forces  and  agencies  at  work  in  the  interests  of  boys  and 
young  men. 


TYPES  OF  COMMUNITY  ASSOCIATION  WORK 

With  the  many  forms  of  Young  Men's  Christian 
Association  work  for  men  and  boys  now  being  con- 
ducted outside  of  Association  buildings,  it  seems  de- 
sirable that  at  the  outset  we  avoid  confusion  and 
dififerentiate  between  Extension  Work  and  Community 
Work. 

Community  Work  is  a  form  of  Association  work 
suited  to  a  field  where,  for  local  reasons,  a  standard 
city  building  is  not  at  the  present  time  feasible  or 
desirable.  It  is  very  largely  a  work  with  and  through 
the  existing  helpful  agencies  in  the  community,  such 
as  the  Home,  the  Church,  and  the  School.  It  co- 
operates with  these  and  similar  agencies  by  provid- 
ing, under  the  general  supervision  of  a  Board  of  Direc- 
tors or  Committee  of  Management,  a  trained  Asso- 
ciation Secretary,  whose  efforts  are  directed  toward 
making  more  efficient  the  work  of  these  several  agencies 
for  boys  and  young  men.  Its  emphasis  is  on  helping 
these  agencies  with  their  special  work,  rather  than  on 
doing  the  work  directly  under  its  own  auspices  and  in 
its  own  name,  although  it  does  not  exclude  the  latter. 
Its  secretarial  staff  is  therefore  small,  one  or  two  men 
as  a  rule  being  sufficient,  and  its  equipment  usually 
consists  of  a  few  rooms  for  office  work  and  committee 
meetings.  To  a  very  large  extent  the  Community 
Association  occupies  a  distinct  and  entirely  different 
field  in' the  community  from  that  occupied  by  a  City 

16 


TYPES  OF  COMMUNITY  WORK  17 

or  Railroad  Association  or  branch  with  a  standard 
building.  Neither,  therefore,  in  any  sense,  takes  the 
place  of  the  other.  Community  Work  is  not  a  sub- 
stitute for  work  with  a  standard  Association  building. 

Extension  Work  differs  from  Community  Work  in  that 
the  former  is  the  projection  of  certain  activities  of  the 
Association  under  its  own  name  and  auspices,  out 
from  the  building  into  centers  of  its  field  where  par- 
ticular groups  of  boys  and  men  can  be  reached.  Com- 
munity Work,  on  the  other  hand,  is  the  Association 
inspiring  and  serving  the  existing  agencies  of  a  com- 
munity in  their  own  work  with  boys  and  young  men, 
helping  them,  each  under  its  own  auspices  and  in  its 
own  name,  to  greater  efficiency,  and  doing  no  work 
under  Association  auspices  which  can  be  as  well  pro- 
moted through  other  existing  agencies. 

Community  Work  may  be  successfully  conducted 
under  the  following  conditions: 

First.  In  towns  and  cities  of  at  least  5,000  popu- 
lation icithout  a  Young  Men's  Christian  Association 
building,  where  there  is:  (a.)  Sufficiently  strong  evangeli- 
cal leadership,  of  men  who  are  vitally  interested  in  the 
movement  and  are  willing  to  give  it  their  continued 
effort  and  support.  It  is  desirable  that  the  initiative 
for  organization  should  come  from  this  source,  (b.)  A 
generally  favorable  attitude  on  the  part  of  the  com- 
munity toward  the  Association,  (c.)  The  assurance  of 
sufficient  financial  backing  for  the  salary  and  the  ex- 
penses of  a  Secretary,  for  two  years  or  more  in  ad- 
vance. The  principal  factor  in  this  form  of  Association 
work  is  the  Secretary,  who  must  be  a  man  of  unques- 
tioned Christian  character,  especially  trained,  and  pos- 


18  TYPES  OF  COMMUNITY  WORK 

sessing  in  a  marked  degree  capacity  to  work  with  and 
through  others. 

Second.  In  fields  where  the  Association  with  a  stan- 
dard city  building  desires  to  organize  Community  work 
in  uncovered  sections.  The  Community  Association  in 
such  instances  becomes  a  branch  or  department  of  the 
central  or  metropolitan  Association,  the  Community 
Secretary  working  without  a  building,  but  having  an 
office  in  the  district  in  which  he  serves. 

Third.  In  cities  where  there  are  standard  Associa- 
tion buildings,  but  where  it  is  impractical,  on  account 
of  a  limited  population  or  inadequate  financial  resources, 
to  divide  the  city  into  sections  and  organize  branches 
or  departments  on  the  Community  plan,  and  yet  where 
a  real  need  exists  for  a  program  which  is  comprehensive 
enough  to  include  the  boys  and  young  men  regardless 
of  membership.  In  such  a  city  a  Community  Secretary 
and  a  Secretary  for  building  activities  are  secured. 
Each  must  intelligently  and  efficiently  supplement  the 
other  in  a  program  of  this  character. 

Fourth.  In  small  cities,  or  districts  of  large  cities, 
where  there  is  a  need  for  Association  equipment,  but 
where  local  conditions  are  such  that  the  standard  type 
of  city  building  does  not  adequately  meet  the  local  re- 
quirements. For  such  centers  the  Association  com- 
munity building  is  gradually  coming  into  use.  The 
equipment  is  owned  by  the  Association  and  operated 
for  the  benefit  of  the  community  rather  than  for  a 
membership. 

Boys  and  young  men  are  enlisted  in  groups  through 
churches,  schools,  factories,  etc.,  and  in  some  in- 
stances, unattached  groups  are  formed  under  efficient 


TYPES  OF  COMMUNITY  WORK  19 

leadership,  and  these  use  the  building  at  stated  times 
for  definite  activities.  A  fee  is  paid  directly  into  the 
group  treasury,  and  each  group  in  turn  pays  for  the 
use  of  the  building.  Thus  the  Association  building 
becomes  a  Community  center,  under  religious  leader- 
ship. 

Fifth.  In  a  city  or  the  district  of  a  large  city  on  the 
metropolitan  basis,  where  the  ultimate  aim  is  an  Asso- 
ciation building  or  branch  building,  and  where  the 
community  work  is  conducted  to  unite  the  forces  of  the 
community  and  prepare  the  way  for  an  Association 
building.  The  coming  of  the  building  should  in  no 
way  restrict  the  community  program.  Each  should 
supplement  the  other. 


VI 

LEADERSHIP  NEEDED 

Leadership  is  such  a  vital  factor  in  a  Community 
program  that  it  is  necessary  to  emphasize  its  impor- 
tance. A  comprehensive  program  can  never  be  real- 
ized unless  masterful  Christian  leadership  is  provided. 

The  Secretary  must  be  a  man  of  natural  leadership, 
of  organizing  ability,  of  attractive  and  acceptable  per- 
sonal qualities,  of  maturity  and  conviction.  He  must 
be  a  man  of  deep  spiritual  life,  and  at  the  same  time 
be  alive  to  the  social,  economic,  and  religious  problems 
of  the  day  and  a  student  of  them.  He  should  be  a  man 
of  previous  Association  experience,  particularly  in  work 
with  boys,  and  familiar  with  the  operation  of  a  well- 
equipped  building.  It  is  assumed  that  he  will  have 
had  actual  experience  as  a  worker  in  the  church  and 
Sunday  school.  He  should  be  a  college  graduate  or  its 
equivalent.  This  is  most  essential,  because  of  the 
wider  applications  of  the  problems  of  education  in- 
volved and  because,  without  this  broader  education, 
the  Secretary's  own  resources  will  in  time  be  exhausted 
and  he  will  be  unable  to  command  or  make  effective 
the  leadership  of  other  men. 

For  the  conducting  of  activities  the  greater  knowl- 
edge and  experience  he  can  have  of  physical  training, 
athletics,  meets  and  play  festivals,  pageants,  and  all 
kinds  of  special  affairs,  the  better. 

This  high  grade  secretarial  leadership,  however,  in 
no  way  lessens  the  responsibility  of  the  layman.    To 

20 


LEADERSHIP  NEEDED  21 

allow  the  Secretary  to  carry  the  work  on  his  shoulders 
means  a  circumscribed  and  restricted  program  from  the 
start.  The  Secretary  should  not  be  called  because  of 
his  capacity  to  do  many  things  personally,  but  pri- 
marily because  of  his  ability  to  interest,  enlist,  and 
organize  others  in  service.  The  success  of  the  Com- 
munity program  is  dependent  upon  the  Secretary's 
ability  to  multiply  himself  through  others,  and  the 
committeemen's  willingness  to  assume  a  definite  share 
of  the  responsibility. 

The  greatest  temptation  which  comes  to  a  Com- 
munity Secretary  in  his  work  is  the  tendency  to  yield  to 
the  pressure  which  is  so  often  brought  to  bear  upon  him 
by  those  who  are  over-zealous  for  immediate  results 
and  who  have  not  thought  through  the  ultimate  aim 
of  the  Community  program.  It  comes,  for  instance, 
in  the  form  of  a  suggestion  to  conduct  an  Association 
Father  and  Son  Banquet,  or  an  athletic  meet,  or  per- 
sonally to  organize  groups  of  boys  who  are  without 
leadership.  All  of  these  are  good,  but  to  yield  to  the 
good  may  be  robbing  the  community  of  the  best,  for 
the  good  in  this  instance  does  not  directly  strengthen 
the  church  and  other  organizations  in  their  endeavor 
to  meet  the  needs  of  the  boys  and  men.  The  more 
effective  thing  for  the  Secretary  to  do  is  to  encourage 
and  assist  all  of  the  churches  in  the  community  to  con- 
duct a  Father  and  Son  Banquet,  to  give  the  Sunday 
schools  and  the  public  schools  a  vision  of  their  oppor- 
tunity for  character  building  through  athletic  meets, 
play  festivals,  etc.,  and  to  help  them  to  make  their 
vision  an  actuality.  The  investment  of  time  in  study- 
ing conditions  and  discovering  the  organizations  best 


22  LEADERSHIP  NEEDED 

qualified  to  serve  the  various  groups,  and  then  in  as- 
sisting these  organizations  to  enHst  and  train  leaders 
who  will  in  turn  assume  the  responsibility  for  hundreds 
of  boys  and  men,  is  a  fundamentally  correct  policy. 

To  yield  to  this  temptation  is  to  build  the  work 
around  an  individual  and  to  fail  to  build  the  spirit  and 
principles  of  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association 
into  the  very  fabric  of  the  institutions  of  the  commu- 
nity, which  is  the  primary  mission  of  the  Association. 

The  Right  Reverend  Charles  H.  Brent,  Bishop  of 
the  Philippine  Islands,  so  admirably  portrays  the  type 
of  leadership  needed  in  Community  Work  that  we 
make  no  apology  for  quoting  him  at  length: 

'*A  Leader  is  one  who  goes  before,  who  keeps  in 
advance  of  the  crowd  without  detaching  himself  from 
the  crowd,  but  so  influencing  them  as  to  attach  them 
to  his  ideal  self.  Obviously,  and  by  necessity,  he  is  a 
social  personage  who  has  the  power  of  enabling  other 
people  to  see  what  he  sees,  to  feel  what  he  feels,  to 
desire  what  he  desires.  He  contracts  the  crowd  into 
the  span  of  his  own  personality.  He  converts  them 
into  a  composite  second  self.  Not  only  does  the 
Leader  contract  the  crowd  into  himself,  but  he  ex- 
pands himself  into  the  crowd  until  they  feel  him 
entering  their  being  at  every  opening.  He  seeks  out 
their  undeveloped  capacity  and  makes  it  hunger  for 
self-expression.  He  becomes  to  them  what  motive  is 
to  personality.*' 

This  is  the  kind  of  leadership  which  will  multiply 
itself  in  a  community  until  the  very  community  is 
throbbing  with  new  impulses  whose  expression  in 
definite  action  will  hasten  the  coming  of  the  Kingdom. 


VII 

PRELIMINARY     STEPS     IN     ORGANIZING    A 
COMMUNITY  YOUNG  MEN'S  CHRIS- 
TIAN ASSOCIATION 

First.  Whenever  a  group  of  representative  men  in  a 
city  or  town  desire  to  establish  a  Community  Young 
Men's  Christian  Association,  the  first  step  should  be 
to  communicate  with  the  State  Committee,  if  there  be 
one,  otherwise  with  the  International  Committee  of 
Young  Men's  Christian  Associations.  In  Canada  in- 
quiry should  be  made  of  the  Canadian  National 
Council. 

Second.  There  should  be  selected  one  key  man 
around  whom  such  a  project  may  rally.  This  man 
should  be  so  carefully  selected  that  later  he  may  well 
become  the  permanent  chairman  of  the  completed  or- 
ganization. In  this  way  there  will  be  a  constant  focal 
point  to  the  whole  scheme. 

Third.  There  should  be  a  small  preliminary  com- 
mittee appointed  by  this  key  man,  this  committee 
to  act  as  an  executive  to  take  the  necessary  pre- 
liminary steps.  This  committee  should  be  composed 
of  from  five  to  fifteen  energetic  Christian  business  and 
professional  men,  who  should  first  come  together  in  a 
parlor  conference  to  discuss  the  project  thoroughly 
with  the  State  or  International  Secretary  and  outline 
the  procedure.  This  group,  through  the  various  church 
representatives  in  its  membership,  should  confer  with 
the  pastors  individually  regarding  the  project  and  secure 
their  cooperation. 

23 


24  STEPS  IN  ORGANIZING 

Fourth.  The  preliminary  committee  should  call  a 
conference  to  which  are  invited  representative  citizens. 
At  this  gathering  the  new  project  should  be  thoroughly 
explained,  the  plans  indorsed,  and  sanction  given  to 
promote  the  work. 

Fifth.  The  nomination  and  election  of  the  Pro- 
visional Committee  should  result  from  this  conference. 
Such  a  provisional  committee  generally  will  include 
the  preliminary  committee  as  well  as  other  interested 
citizens.  It  should  be  authorized  to  carry  out  the 
project. 

Sixth.  At  this  point  the  Provisional  Committee 
should  make  a  survey  of  the  field,  calling  in  local  or 
outside  persons  qualified  to  make  a  study  of  social 
and  religious  conditions  existing  in  the  city.  Such  a 
study  should  reveal  the  number,  kind,  and  location  of 
constructive  and  destructive  forces  in  the  community, 
to  what  extent  these  forces  and  agencies  are  meeting 
the  needs  of  the  youth  of  the  community,  or  how  they 
are  destroying  character  and  injuring  public  welfare, 
and  in  what  way  the  contemplated  Community  Young 
Men's  Christian  Association  may  supplement  existing 
effort  along  constructive  lines. 

Seventh.  Thorough  publicity  should  be  given  the 
project,  to  prepare  the  community  for  a  financial 
campaign,  and  for  this  purpose  a  Publicity  Committee 
should  be  appointed  by  the  Provisional  Committee. 
The  educational  side  of  the  campaign  is  most  important. 
Neglect  of  this  seriously  cripples  the  larger  development 
of  the  work. 

Eighth.  The  first  definite  task  of  the  Provisional 
Committee  will   be  the  conducting  of  the  financial 


STEPS  IN  ORGANIZING  25 

campaign.  Experience  has  shown  that  it  is  generally  very- 
unwise  to  combine  financially  with  any  other  organiza- 
tions. The  financial  constituency  should  be  kept  al- 
ways on  an  individual  basis.  Plans  for  financial 
campaigns  will  vary  according  to  different  fields,  but 
the  universal  practice  is  to  hold  a  campaign  before  the 
Secretary  is  called,  so  that  he  may  be  free  from  the 
beginning  to  give  his  best  thought  and  time  to  an  in- 
tensive study  of  the  field  and  the  program  of  activi- 
ties. The  budget  should  be  large  enough  to  provide 
for  a  thoroughly  qualified  Secretary,  efficiently  equipped 
headquarters,  effective  advertising,  and  items  for  home 
and  foreign  extension  work.  In  an  ordinary  com- 
munity from  $3,500  to  $5,500  will  be  needed  annually, 
and  it  is  recommended  that  this  be  raised  two  to  three 
years  in  advance.  This  gives  sufficient  time  to  dem- 
onstrate the  program  before  again  approaching  the 
public  for  funds.  The  actual  time  given  to  soliciting 
funds  should  be  short — not  over  three  days  in  a  com- 
munity from  5,000  to  50,000  population  and  not  over 
five  days  in  a  district  of  a  large  city.  The  shrinkage 
in  the  subscriptions  is  generally  eight  per  cent.  When 
the  Community  Association  has  been  established,  future 
budgets  should  be  raised,  covering  the  needs  of  the 
organization  for  two  or  three  years,  as  was  done  in  the 
initial  campaign. 


26 


STEPS  IN  ORGANIZING 


We  herewith  Hst  a  working  budget: 


Suggested  budget  exclusive  of 
salary  for  Community  Asso- 
ciations in  places  where  the 
population  ranges  from  5,000 
to  20,000: 


Stenographic  Service. .  . 

Rent 300 

Janitor  Service 50 

Light 25 

Library 35 

Stationery  and  Office  Sup- 
plies    75 

Office  Equipment 75 

Postage 75 

Printing 100 

Telephone 40 

Conferences 150 

Camps 100 

Special  Demonstrations  .  .  125 
Subscription    to    State 

Committee 100 

Subscription    to    Interna- 
tional Committee 100 

Miscellaneous 100 

$1,700 


Suggested  budget  exclusive  of 
salary  for  Community  Asso- 
ciations in  districts  of  large 
cities: 


Stenographic  Service $600 

Rent 400 

Library 25 

Stationery  and  Office  Sup- 
plies      150 

Office  Equipment 75 

Postage 150 

Printing 150 

Telephone 100 

Conferences 150 

Camps 50 

Subscription     to     State 

Committee 50 

Subscription    to    Interna- 
tional Committee 50 

Subscription   to    Local    or 

City  Board 50 

Miscellaneous 150 

$2,150 


In  addition  to  the  total  in  the  above  budget,  allow- 
ance should  be  made  for  shrinkage  and  an  additional 
amount  for  the  expenses  of  the  campaign. 

Note:  Short-term  Community  campaigns  have  been  well 
worked  out  and  details  regarding  same  can  be  obtained  from 
State  Committees  or  the  International  Committee  of  Young 
Men's  Christian  Associations. 

Ninth.  Following  the  financial  campaign,  the  Pro- 
visional Committee  should,  with  the  advice  of  the 
representatives  of  the  supervisory  agency  on  the  field, 
create  a  permanent  organization  and  elect  a  Board  of 
Directors.    The  finance  campaign  and  other  preceding 


STEPS  IN  ORGANIZING  27 

steps  will  have  revealed  the  men  most  to  be  relied 
upon.  The  new  Board  should  be  representative  of  the 
evangelical  churches  of  the  community,  and  each  man 
should  thoroughly  understand  the  basis  of  member- 
ship in  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association.  (See 
By-Laws  in  Appendix.) 

Tenth,  At  the  first  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Direc- 
tors constitution  and  by-laws  should  be  adopted  and 
oflScers  elected.     (See  Constitution  and  By-Laws.) 

Eleventh.  The  Board  of  Directors  should  secure  as 
its  executive  a  competent  Community  Secretary. 

Twelfth.  An  active  membership,  as  a  voting  body 
and  a  service  group,  should  be  early  cultivated  and 
enlisted  by  the  Community  Secretary. 


VIII 

ORGANIZATION  VISUALIZED 

Attention  is  called  especially  to  the  diagrams  in  con- 
nection with  this  chapter.  Careful  study  should  be 
given  to  the  question  of  organization,  by  laymen  as 
well  as  by  the  Secretary,  if  the  work  is  to  begin  to  ap- 
proximate its  ideals.  The  committees  are  organized  on 
the  basis  of  cooperation  with  the  constructive  agencies. 
Where  Community  Work  is  conducted  in  conjunction 
with  the  building,  the  form  of  organization  differs 
somewhat. 

The  qualifications  for  committeemen  and  methods 
for  appointing  committees  are  covered  in  the  by-laws. 
Special  tasks  for  the  special  committees  are  indicated 
in  Chapter  IX. 

As  the  Community  Young  Men's  Christian  Associa- 
tion has  no  privileges  of  its  own  to  offer,  and  its  efforts 
are  largely  given  to  enlisting  boys  and  men  in  altruistic 
tasks,  it  has  found  it  advantageous  to  have  a  service 
membership  as  indicated  on  page  97.  Only  service 
members  who  meet  the  requirements  as  stated  in  the 
constitution  are  entitled  to  vote  or  sit  on  the  Board  of 
Directors.    (See  Constitution,  Article  II,  Section  2.) 

28 


EDUCATION 
.  AND 
PROMOTION 

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ONV  N0IJVDna3 


saiHi^noNi 


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awoH 


Young    Men's    Christian 
Association 


Mr  Tin«  been  admitted  to 

"SERVICE  MEMBERSHIP"  io  this  Association  in  accordance 
with  his  declaration  on  the  reverse  side  of  this  ticket.  This 
membership  is  continuous  on  the  annual  renewal  of  this  decla- 
ration.  A  new  ticket  will  be  issued  January  first  each  year. 
Tickets  are  not  transferable  and  must  be  shown  when  required. 
There  ia  no  charge  for  this  membership.  The  deposit  made  for 
the  ticket  and  badge  is  retamable  any  time  on  their  sarrender. 


SERVICE  MEMBERSHIP 


Seeretarjr 

No Dated 


Young  Men's  Christian  Association 

SERVICE   MEMBERSHIP  DECLARATION  OP    PURPOSE 


I  hereby  declare  that  as  a  member  o(  the  Young  Men's 
Christian  Association  I  will  seek  by  my  inward  life  and  outward 
conduct  and  through  co-operative  efforts  with  others,  to  make  effee* 
tive  in  the  community  the  standards  of  character  set  forth  in  the 
life  and  teachings  of  Jesus  Christ. 


Name. 


Address. 
Witness 


Reproduction  of  a  Membership  Ticket  which  is  used  by 
some  of  the  Community  Associations 


IX 

SUGGESTIVE  PROGRAM  OF  COMMITTEE 
SERVICE 

The  activities  listed  in  this  chapter  are  intended  to 
be  suggestive  as  to  some  of  the  many  ways  in  which 
the  various  committees  may  render  service.  No  fixed 
classification  is  possible,  as  many  of  the  activities  can 
just  as  logically  be  classified  under  the  School  as  under 
the  Municipality,  or  the  Home  as  the  Church,  etc.  If 
the  chapter  gives  the  reader  a  working  basis  and  di- 
rects his  thought  to  concrete  things  that  may  be  pro- 
moted, its  mission  will  be  fulfilled.  For  additional  de- 
tails regarding  activities  herein  suggested,  reference 
may  be  made  to  the  following  books,  magazines,  and 
pamphlets : 

A  complete  file  of  Association  Boys,  1902-1911. 

American  Youth,  1912  to  date. 

Secondary  Division  Leaflets,  five  in  all,  published  by 
the  International  Sunday  School  Association. 

"A  Plan  of  Building  and  Extension  Work  Among 
Employed  Boys." 

'*How  Volunteer  Leaders  Can  Help  the  Industrial 
Boy." 

"Among  Industrial  Workers." 

*'Volunteer  Social  Service  by  College  Men." 

"Secondary  Schoolboys'  Christian  Movement  Sc- 
ries." 

For  additional  information  consult  the  Bibliography 
in  Chapter  XV. 

33 


34  COMMITTEE  SERVICE 

Finances 

The  Finance  Committee  should  charge  itself  espe- 
cially with  the  following  duties: 

1.  Raising  the  budget. 

2.  Establishing  a  system  for  financial  records. 

3.  Auditing  bills. 

4.  Collecting  subscriptions.  It  is  imperative  that 
this  be  promptly  done,  and  it  is  unwise  to  expect  the 
Secretary  to  do  it.  His  time  and  influence  should  be 
used  in  other  ways. 

Cooperation  With  the  Home 

"At  the  center  of  community  life  the  world  over, 
among  all  races  of  men,  there  stands  the  Family.  It 
determines  the  character  of  community  life.  The  He- 
brew nation  developing  out  of  the  family  of  Abraham 
is  a  summary  of  social  development.  The  human 
family  grows  out  of  smaller  families.  Scattered  in 
lonely  regions,  in  solitary  mountain  huts  and  forest 
cabins;  crowded  together  on  Chinese  river  boats,  or  in 
New  York  tenements;  living  in  the  primitive  condition 
of  African  jungles,  or  in  the  high  development  of  an 
American  suburb,  all  families  have  in  them  the  possi- 
bility of  contributing  to  world  life.  Those  who  would 
Christianize  the  communities  of  the  world  must  raise 
family  life  to  its  highest  terms."  ^ 

To  this  end  the  Community  program  endeavors  to 
reinforce    the   home   through    a   program   of   service. 
Here  are  some  of  the  things  which  might  well  be  pro-  • 
moted  by  the   Committee  on   Cooperation  with  the 
Home: 


1  "Christianizing  Community  Life,"  Ward — Edwards,  p.  18. 


COMMITTEE  SERVICE  35 

1.  Home  visitation  systematically  worked  out  by  all 
churches;  cover  entire  city. 

2.  Sending  Thanksgiving  and  Christmas  dinners  to 
poor  families.  Entire  district  organized  so  that  no 
family  will  be  overlooked,  and  no  duplication  will 
occur.  Opportunities  here  for  churches  and  charity 
organizations  to  do  real  team  work. 

3.  Establishing  a  home  for  homeless  boys  with 
Christian  woman  as  House  Mother.  Not  more  than 
ten  boys  in  a  home  is  advisable.  The  family  idea  is  to 
be  constantly  kept  in  the  forefront.  The  Home  must 
not  be  institutionalized. 

4.  Promotion  of  group  socials  in  the  homes  of  the 
community  or  district,  thus  affording  an  opportunity 
for  some  boys  to  see  real  home  life. 

5.  Parents'  Conferences  for  consideration  of  boys* 
rooms,  boys'  vacations,  etc. 

6.  Sending  the  names  of  the  mothers  of  young  chil- 
dren to  Children's  Bureau  at  Washington,  D.  C,  for 
pamphlets  on  infant  care,  etc. 

7.  Encouraging  the  reading  by  parents  of  books  on 
sex  education,  home  training  of  boys,  etc. 

8.  Remembering  the  birthdays  of  the  boys  with  a 
post  card  or  letter.  The  Secretary  might  well  have  a 
card  index  in  his  office  of  every  teen  age  boy  in  the 
district  or  community. 

9.  Encouraging  thrift  among  boys  by  systematic- 
ally promoting  a  program  for  money  saving.  Local 
banks  will  cooperate  in  this.  See  pamphlets  pub- 
lished by  National  W.  C.  T.  U,  on  School  Savings 
Banks, 


36  COMMITTEE  SERVICE 

10.  Parents  Meetings,  e.  g. 

(a)  Fathers'  conferences. 

(b)  Mothers'  conferences. 

(c)  Joint  conferences  of  mothers  and  fathers. 

(d)  Mass  meeting  of  parents  followed  by  series 
of  group  conferences. 

11.  Father  and  Son  Banquets. 

12.  Mother  and  Daughter  Banquets. 

Sometimes  both  may  be  held  on  the  same  evening  in  separate 
buildings  or  rooms,  groups  meeting  after  banquets  are  over  for 
social  evening.     This  emphasizes  the  family  aspect. 

13.  Home  garden  growing  contest. 

14.  Chicken  raising  contest. 

15.  Corn  raising  contest. 

16.  Interesting  school  officials  to  furnish  a  class  room 
in  the  school  building  as  a  typical  hoys'  room,  open  to 
the  public  for  inspection.  Series  of  talks  might  be 
given  in  connection  with  the  plan. 

17.  Promoting  neighborhood  entertainments  consist- 
ing of  songs,  motion  pictures,  illustrated  talks,  games, 
amateur  dramatics,  etc.  The  plan  should  be  to  en- 
courage the  families  of  the  neighborhood  to  participate 
in  these  social  gatherings. 

18.  Home  game  tournaments,  such  as  chess,  check- 
ers, etc. 

Cooperation  With  the  Church 

The  Community  Young  Men's  Christian  Association 
is  an  expression  of  the  Church  in  the  specialized  field 
of  work  with  boys  and  men,  in  that,  first,  its  control  is 
in  the  hands  of  members  in  good  standing  of  evangeli- 
cal churches;  second,  that  one  of  its  principal  aims  is 


COMMITTEE  SERVICE  37 

to  lead  boys  and  young  men  into  vital  active  church 
membership  and  regular  attendance  upon  church  ser- 
vices; third,  that  it  seeks  to  raise  up  and  train  workers 
and  leaders  for  the  churches;  fourth,  that  it  aims  to 
develop  among  its  Christian  members  loyalty  to  the 
principles,  teaching,  and  program  of  their  respective 
communions,  and  to  cherish  the  spirit  of  Christian 
brotherhood  with  reference  to  all  communions.  There 
is,  too,  a  growing  conviction  that  the  leaders  of  Chris- 
tian forces  to  a  larger  degree  than  heretofore,  must 
be  community-minded  men  if  the  Church  is  to  con- 
tinue to  be  a  dynamic  force  in  spiritualizing  the  com- 
munity. 

"The  effort  to  Christianize  community  life  requires 
the  operation  of  Government.  All  the  great  social  re- 
forms— the  abolition  of  child  labor,  the  reduction  of 
infant  mortality,  the  protection  of  children  from  vice, 
the  improvement  of  education,  the  abolition  of  pov- 
erty— every  one  of  them  involves  government  action. 
Efficiency  in  government  is  an  indispensable  tool  for 
social  progress.  But  it  must  be  another  kind  of  effi- 
ciency than  is  commonly  admired.  It  must  be  effi- 
ciency in  caring  for  all  the  interests  of  all  the  people, 
in  giving  expression  to  the  common  vital  desires  of  the 
whole  community.  Such  a  government  is  the  people 
doing  together  in  all  justice  and  brotherhood  the  things 
they  cannot  do  apart."  ^  The  Church  may  be  a  great 
contributing  force  to  this  end. 

Many  things  have  been  accomplished  for  Commu- 
nity betterment  when  the  Church  and  the  Association 


"Christianizing  Community  Life,"  Ward — ^Edwards. 


38  COMMITTEE  SERVICE 

have  pooled  their  strength  and  influence.     A  few  of 
these  are  indicated. 

A.  Boy: 

1.  Cooperation  in  estabhshing  organized  groups  and 
classes  in  the  Sunday  school. 

2.  Bible  Teachers'  Training  Classes  for  older  boys. 

3.  Series  of  older  boys'  religious  meetings. 

4.  Older  Boys'  Conferences: 

(a)  Local. 

(b)  District. 

(c)  State. 

5.  Boys'  Sunday,  when  older  boys  will  attend  church 
in  a  body;  pews  reserved  for  them;  special  sermon. 

6.  Father  and  Son  Sunday. 

7.  Song  services  at  hospitals  conducted  by  boys 
themselves. 

8.  Older  Boys'  Watch  Night  Services,  New  Year's 
Eve.  These  should  be  well  planned  and  decision  mak- 
ing in  character. 

9.  Systematic  interviewing  of  boys  regarding  their 
Christian  life. 

10.  Inter  church  summer  camps: 

(a)  Long  term. 

(b)  Week  end. 

(c)  Over  night. 

11.  Cooperation  in  establishing  interchurch  leagues. 

12.  Interchurch  field  meets. 

13.  Making  possible  a  program  of  physical  work  for 
all  churches. 

14.  Outings  and  hikes,  recreational  and  educa- 
tional. 


COMMITTEE  SERVICE  39 

15.  Gypsy  trips  and  educational  tour  for  one  week 
or  more. 

16.  Kite  flying  contests. 

17.  Pet  shows — an  opportunity  for  boys  to  exhibit 
their  rabbits,  dogs,  birds,  white  mice,  etc. 

18.  Art  exhibit  and  contest. 

19.  Hobby  day  exhibit. 

20.  The  American  Standard  Program  and  the  Boy 
Scout  Movement,  as  well  as  other  movements  for  boys 
in  churches. 

21.  Interesting  boys  in  the  erection  of  a  scout  cabin 
which  makes  good  headquarters  for  over-night  trips. 

22.  Bird  house  contests. 

23.  Interchurch  stags. 

24.  Interchurch  swimming  contests. 

25.  Interchurch  older  boys'  retreat. 

26.  Promotion  of  attendance  at  older  boys'  confer- 
ences. 

B.  Adult: 

1.  Promoting  men's  Bible  classes.  It  might  be  well 
to  encourage  courses  dealing  with  social  problems  from 
the  Christ  viewpoint. 

2.  Federating  men's  Bible  classes.  This  federation 
should  be  a  force  for  righteousness  in  the  commu- 
nity. 

3.  A  community -wide  survey  to  include — 

(a)  Religious  census, 

(b)  The  constructive  character-building  agen- 
cies. 

(c)  Agencies  that  are  detrimental  to  character 
building. 


40  COMMITTEE  SERVICE 

(d)  The  community  from  a  physical  hygienic 
standpoint. 

4.  Training  courses  in  principles  and  methods  of 
teaching,  etc.,  for  adult  workers  with  boys,  both  de- 
nominational and  interdenominational. 

5.  A  training  class  for  policemen,  where  boy  life  and 
leadership  among  boys  may  be  studied;  a  unique  op- 
portunity to  help  make  the  policeman  a  social  worker 
in  an  unofficial  capacity. 

6.  Undenominational  mass  meetings  for  men. 
Character  of  meetings : 

(a)  Social   service   emphasis   from   the   Christ 
standpoint. 

(b)  Evangelistic. 

7.  Organizing  the  strong  Christian  men  for  a  "Cam- 
paign of  Friendship"  in  which  boys  in  the  community 
will  be  interviewed  personally  along  Christian  char- 
acter building  lines  and  decisions  for  Christ  secured. 
This  might  well  be  an  annual  campaign.  Where  the 
community  is  small  every  boy  could  be  interviewed. 

8.  Making  possible  a  well-defined  program  of  work 
in  the  interest  of  the  wage-earning  boy. 

9.  Organizing  among  employed  boys  "Find  Your- 
self* campaigns.  The  purpose  of  these  campaigns  is  to 
help  boys  to  discover  their  vocational  bent,  and  how 
they  can  best  serve  humanity  through  their  vocation. 
See  American  Youths  June,  1915.  For  special  material 
write  C.  C.  Robinson,  International  Committee  of 
Young  Men's  Christian  Associations,  124  East  28th 
Street,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

10.  Campaign  to  enlist  boys  to  go  to  college. 

11.  Vacation  Bible  schools. 


COMMITTEE  SERVICE  41 

12.  Training  courses  for  scout  masters. 

13.  Discovering  and  enlisting  Big  Brothers  for  work 
with  needy  boys. 

14.  Cooperation  in  Juvenile  Probation  work. 

15.  An  educational  community-wide  campaign  for 
personal  and  social  hygiene. 

16.  An  educational  community -wide  campaign  in  the 
interests  of — 

(a)  City  planning. 

(b)  Wider  use  of  the  schools. 

(c)  Playgrounds. 

17.  Preparing  and  publishing  a  codification  of  state 
laws  relating  to  children. 

18.  Cooperation  with  moving  picture  theaters  in  help- 
ing to  make  them  a  larger  educational  and  moral  factor 
in  the  community. 

^   19.  A  series  of  high-class  entertainments.     This  is 
greatly  needed,  especially  in  small  communities. 

20.  Bringing  to  the  community  state,  national,  and 
international  experts  from  various  organizations  on  spe- 
cial phases  of  community  life. 

21.  Special  Campaigns: 

(a)  Anti-Tuberculosis. 

(b)  The  House  Fly  Pest. 

(c)  Alcohol  and  Efficiency. 

(d)  Anti-Cigarette. 

(e)  Safety  First. 

22.  A  newsboy  organization.  (Character  building 
prime  object.) 

23.  Father's  Day. 

24.  Mother's  Day. 

25.  Campaign  to  teach  every  boy  to  swim. 


42  COMMITTEE  SERVICE 

26.  Interchurch  field  meet. 

27.  Deputation  of  Gospel  Teams  composed  of  the 
church  laymen  or  young  people  of  the  several  churches. 
These  teams  can  conduct  religious  services  in  the  smaller 
churches  of  the  outlying  districts  of  the  community,  as 
well  as  special  meetings  for  boys. 

28.  Participation  in  National  Recruiting  Program,  to 
enlist  older  boys  for  service  and  church  membership. 

Older  Boys'  Cabinet 

The  Cabinet  is  composed  of  selected  older  boys.  (See 
diagram  of  organization  on  page  29.)  It  shoujd  hold 
regular  monthly  meetings,  discuss  from  the  boys'  stand- 
point the  problems  arising  in  the  schools  and  churches 
of  the  community  at  large,  and  make  such  recommen- 
dations to  the  Board  of  Directors  as  will  help  to  meet 
the  existing  needs.  Each  boy  on  the  Cabinet  should 
be  asked  to  become  thoroughly  conversant  with  some 
definite  phase  or  problem  of  boy  life,  thus  making  it 
possible  at  the  Cabinet  meetings  to  get  a  comprehen- 
sive opinion  regarding  these  problems. 

Cooperation  With  the  School 

There  are  at  present  over  20,000,000  boys  and  girls 
receiving  instruction  in  the  public  and  high  schools  of 
the  United  States.  They  are  taught  by  580,058  teach- 
ers, and  the  annual  expense  for  their  instruction  is 
about  $556,000,000.  These  figures  are  significant  of 
the  fact  that  the  people  have  a  tremendous  faith  in  the 
public  school  and  its  possible  fulfilment  of  their  earnest 
desire  to  give  their  sons  and  daughters  a  chance  in  life. 

It  is  gratifying  to  note  that  of  late  years  there  has 


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COMMITTEE  SERVICE  43 

been  an  earnest  attempt  on  the  part  of  many  to  aid  the 
school  in  adapting  itself  to  the  changing  social  and 
economic  conditions.  For  these  purposes  the  people 
have  shown  a  greater  willingness  to  be  taxed,  which  is 
m  itself  a  recognition  of  the  importance  and  possi- 
bilities of  the  school. 

In  the  Community  Association  program  the  school  is 
recognized  as  one  of  the  fundamental  institutions,  and 
therefore  the  Association  endeavors  to  cooperate  with 
the  members  of  the  school  board  and  school  faculty  in 
aiding  them  to  create  sentiment  which  will  bring  to 
fruition  the  greatest  possibilities  of  the  school  for  the 
scholars  as  well  as  the  community.  Here  are  some  of 
the  ways  in  which  this  has  been  accomplished: 

1.  Wider  use  of  the  school  plant  as  a  social  and 
recreational  center. 

2.  Campaign  in  interests  of  medical  inspection  of 
schools. 

3.  A  parents'  and  teachers'  association. 

4.  Development  of  the  Standard  Efficiency  Tests 
scheme  for  the  boys  of  the  community. 

5.  Demonstration  of  school  yard  games  and  develop- 
ment of  interest  in  them. 

6.  Development  of  organized  and  supervised  play 
recess  period. 

7.  Interschool  leagues. 

8.  Evening  school  for  working  boys  and  adults. 

9.  A  series  of  vocational  talks  for  student  body. 

10.  A  series  of  municipal  lectures  followed  by  com- 
positions prepared  by  students. 

11.  A  vocational  survey  of  students  and  a  vocational 
bureau. 


44  COMMITTEE  SERVICE 

12.  Reception  to  faculty  and  freshmen  through  High 
School  students  at  opening  of  schools,  when  an  effort 
should  be  made  to  set  high  standards  in  athletics  and 
morals  among  the  student  body  for  the  ensuing  year. 

13.  Organizing  of  High  School  Clubs,  the  purpose 
being  to  create,  maintain,  and  extend  throughout  the 
school  high  standards  of  Christian  character. 

14.  Various  tournaments. 

15.  "Why  go  to  High  School"  talks  to  graduating 
class  of  grade  school  boys. 

16.  *'Why  go  to  College"  talks  to  graduating  class  of 
High  School  boys. 

17.  Council  Fire  for  grade  and  High  School  boys  at 
end  of  school  term,  to  suggest  various  ways  of  spend- 
ing vacations,  how  to  get  the  most  out  of  it,  where  to 
go,  etc.  Popular  presentation  may  be  made  by  men 
who  have  had  actual  experience. 

Cooperation  With  the  MuNicrPALiTY 

"The  word  City  is  often  used  in  a  double  sense.  It 
frequently  means  the  aggregation  of  people  attaching 
to  a  common  center  of  work,  business,  and  pleasure. 
In  this  sense  the  geographical  boundaries  are  not 
sharply  defined  and  the  actual  residences  of  its  people 
are  not  carefully  investigated.  On  the  other  hand,  the 
city  as  a  body  politic  is  a  definite  territory  with  the 
people  who  permanently  reside  upon  it  organized  in  the 
supreme  category  of  human  society — government.  The 
city  as  a  municipality  may  be  weak  or  strong.  It  may 
be  wise  or  foolish.  Its  functions  may  be  carefully  cur- 
tailed or  enthusiastically  expanded.  But  in  any  case, 
in  a  modern  state,  a  city  as  a  body  politic  must  per- 


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COMMITTEE  SERVICE  45 

form  a  series  of  functions  that  give  it  a  commanding 
importance  in  relation  to  the  city  as  a  social  and  in- 
dustrial center."!  To  the  latter  end  the  Community 
Association  endeavors  to  supplement  the  municipality. 
Some  of  the  ways  in  which  this  is  done  are  listed  here: 

1.  Use  of  municipal  playground  in  the  evening  as 
well  as  during  the  day. 

2.  Cooperation  with  the  existing  playgrounds  by  or- 
ganizing unrelated  boys  and  relating  them  to  the 
playground  for  their  games,  thus  aiding  the  playground 
to  serve  a  larger  constituency  and  at  the  same  time 
helping  to  popularize  the  playgrounds  in  the  com- 
munity. 

3.  A  municipal  swimming  pool.  (It  is  generally  more 
advantageous  to  have  it  in  connection  with  the  school 
plant.) 

4.  Community  program  for  national  holidays  such 
as — 

(a)  Lincoln's  Birthday. 

(b)  Washington's  Birthday. 

(c)  Decoration  Day. 

(d)  Fourth  of  July  (Sane  Fourth  Program). 

(e)  Labor  Day. 

(f)  Thanksgiving  Day. 

(g)  Dominion  Day  (Canada). 
(h)  Empire  Day  (Canada). 

5.  Community  open-air  skating  rinks.  Music  might 
well  be  provided  one  or  two  nights  during  the  week. 

6.  Helping  to  create  sentiment  and  supplementing 
proper  agencies  in  bringing  to  pass  a  "Clean-up  day." 

7.  Municipal  Christmas  tree  and  pageants. 

^  "Great  Cities  in  America." — Wilcox. 


46  COMMITTEE  SERVICE 

8.  Community  play  festivals. 

9.  Cooperation  with  and  supplementing  agencies  ex- 
isting for  the  enforcement  of  laws  affecting  child  life. 

10.  Story-telling  hours  in  the  public  library,  school 
buildings,  and  on  the  playgrounds. 

11.  Recognition  of  Arbor  Day  by  planting  of  trees. 

12.  "Health  and  Happiness  Week." 

Cooperation  With  Industries 

"These  days  of  great  industrial  and  social  changes  in 
America  produce  many  problems.  The  inevitable  tend- 
ency of  the  day,  however,  is  toward  industrial  better- 
ment, safety,  industrial  education,  efficiency,  and  the 
many  other  things  which  have  become  so  familiar  to 
progressive  employers. 

"There  is  no  longer  any  question  that  these  things  are 
worth  while,  both  from  the  human  and  the  economic 
standpoint.  They  enrich  character  and  increase  happi- 
ness and  at  the  same  time  they  'pay'  in  dollars  and 
cents. 

"The  very  center  of  final  success  in  improving  condi- 
tions and  increasing  the  efficiency  of  the  working  man 
must  be  the  spirit  of  fairness  and  knowledge  on  the 
part  of  the  employer  of  how  to  deal  sympathetically 
and  intelligently  with  his  employes.  Every  progressive 
employer  knows  how  greatly  he  desires  foremen,  super- 
intendents, managers,  and  others,  who  possess  these 
qualities.  Much  ill-feeling  and  many  labor  difficulties 
and  strikes  could  be  avoided  if  such  men  had  the  right 
attitude." 

*'The  Young  Men's  Christian  Association,  with  its 
many  years  of  successful  work  with  industrial  boys  an 


COMMITTEE  SERVICE  47 

men,  is  able  to  render  a  service  to  employers  and  em- 
ployes which  is  of  benejfit  to  both."  Some  of  the  ways  in 
which  Associations  are  cooperating  with  the  industries 
are  herewith  given : 

1.  Intershop  athletics. 

2.  Noon  hour  informal  games. 

3.  Noon  hour  entertainments.     Use  local  talent  if 
possible. 

4.  Shop  night  schools  and  educational  classes. 

5.  Shop  playgrounds. 

6.  Health  talks. 

7.  Shop  meetings  and  Bible  classes. 

8.  Shop  libraries. 

9.  Receptions  of  ojQScers  of  concerns  to  which  em- 
ployes are  invited. 

10.  Employed  Boys'  Brotherhood. 

11.  Family  gardens. 

12.  A  constructive  program  of  work  among  foreign- 
ers, for  example: 

(a)  Teaching  foreigners  English. 

(b)  Special  classes  to  prepare  men  to  secure 

their  naturalization  papers. 

Note:  For  a  more  exhaustive  list  of  activities,  consult  "Among 
Industrial  Workers,"  Association  Press,  124  East  28th  Street, 
New  York  City. 

Write  Community  Secretary,  International  Commit- 
tee, Young  Men's  Christian  Associations,  124  East  28th 
Street,  New  York  City,  for  names  and  addresses  of 
Secretaries  who  have  most  successfully  carried  out  the 
above  plans  or  others  in  which  you  may  be  especially 
interested. 


48  COMMITTEE  SERVICE 

Committee  on  Education  and  Promotion 

The  function  of  this  committee  is  to  carry  on  a  sus- 
tained propaganda  of  education  and  promotion  which 
will  serve  to  develop  a  constituency  growing  in  intelli- 
gence, interest,  and  numbers.  Especially  in  the  Com- 
munity Association  work  where  there  is  no  building  is 
this  important.  The  reasons  are  obvious.  If  the  work 
be  systematically  done  it  will  obviate  dangers  in  the 
future.  The  following  concrete  suggestions  are 
made : 

1.  A  series  of  constructive  and  well  written  news- 
paper articles  as  to  the  aim  of  the  Association,  as  well 
as  the  work  accomplished. 

2.  A  quarterly  confidential  letter  to  the  contributors 
giving  prominence  to  things  accomplished  by  the  As- 
sociation through  cooperation  with  other  agencies,  as 
well  as  results  from  work  with  individuals.  Many 
things  can  go  into  a  letter  of  this  character  which  can- 
not have  newspaper  publicity.  Contributors  are  en- 
titled to  such  information, 

3.  An  annual  dinner  to  which  contributors  are  in- 
vited (with  a  reasonable  charge  per  plate),  at  which 
time  reports  of  the  work  and  future  plans  are  presented. 
There  should  be  no  solicitation.  This  should  be  pri- 
marily a  time  for  the  committee  and  Secretary  to  get 
acquainted  with  those  supporting  the  work. 

4.  An  annual  Association  Sunday,  when  the  pulpits 
should  be  occupied  by  Association  speakers.  This 
should  be  for  educational  and  inspirational  purposes. 
When  possible,  have  the  work  presented  briefly  by  a 
layman  or  a  boy  and  have  the  minister  preach  on  the 
Young  Men's  Christian  Association. 


COMMITTEE  SERVICE  49 

Community  Council 

Although  the  Community  Council  is  not  indicated  as 
part  of  the  organization,  in  the  diagram  on  page  29, 
it  is  an  important  factor  in  a  Community  program. 

The  Council  can  profitably  meet  at  least  every  three 
months  to  discuss  community-wide  problems.  This 
quarterly  gathering  will  also  afford  an  opportunity 
to  keep  a  group  of  leading  citizens  informed  and  ac- 
tively interested.  Many  themes  will  come  up  naturally 
for  discussion  in  the  various  sub-committee  meetings, 
and  because  of  the  community-wide  aspect  of  some  of 
the  themes  it  will  be  necessary  at  times  to  have  them 
discussed  by  a  larger  group.  The  Community  Council 
affords  this  opportunity.  Many  community-wide  plans 
of  real  significance  can  be  realized  by  an  intelligent, 
organized  Council.  Such  themes  as  the  following  may 
well  be  brought  before  this  representative  group: 

1.  Value  of  a  comprehensive  city-wide  survey. 

2.  Play  in  relation  to  character-building.  The  city's 
part  in  providing  supervised  playgrounds. 

3.  The  use  of  school  buildings  as  community  centers. 

4.  Medical  inspection  of  schools. 

5.  Causes  of  poverty  and  possible  remedies. 

6.  Causes  of  duplication  and  overlapping  in  the  reli- 
gious education  program  of  a  community.    The  remedy. 

7.  City  planning. 

8.  The  shack  and  tenement  house  problem  and  its 
relation  to  the  present  social  and  economic  conditions. 

9.  Socialized  vice. 

10.  The  saloon  and  the  community. 

11.  The  street  trading  of  children  and  its  relation  to 
child  delinquency. 


X 

THE  NEED  OF  A  BALANCED  PROGRAM 

The  four  aspects  of  the  Young  Men's  Christian  As- 
sociation Community  Work  that  are  constantly  em- 
phasized are: 

First.  A  program  of  activities  for  the  boys  of  the 
entire  community. 

Second.  The  ehmination  of  the  causes  of  evil  con- 
ditions which  affect  child  life. 

Third.  The  bringing  into  existence  and  fostering  the 
growth  and  development  of  those  positive  forces  which 
tend  to  upbuild  the  individual  as  well  as  the  com- 
munity. 

Fourth.  The  uniting  of  the  Christian  boys  and 
young  men  for  winning  others  to  the  Christian  life, 
enlisting  them  in  service,  and  relating  them  to  the 
Church. 

To  keep  these  fundamental  planks  of  the  Com- 
munity platform  in  their  proper  relation  is,  perhaps, 
one  of  the  most  difficult  tasks  with  which  the  Associa- 
tion is  confronted — difficult  because  we  have  constantly 
to  contend  with  the  individuality  of  the  Secretary,  and 
generally  individuals  possessing  real  leadership  have 
strong  characteristics  and  marked  ability  along  some 
one  line.  Seldom  are  all  the  qualifications  which  are 
so  essential  embodied  in  one  person.  Consequently, 
the  program  must  not  be  the  program  of  the  Secretary, 
but  rather  of  a  group  of  men  of  varied  qualifications 
and  experience  cooperating  with  him.     United  eflForts 

50 


NEED  OF  A  BALANCED  PROGRAM   51 

will  largely  assure  a  balanced  program.  Furthermore, 
it  is  possible  for  a  program  to  be  well  balanced  as  it 
relates  to  activities  and  the  elimination  of  causes,  and, 
at  the  same  time,  to  be  unbalanced  in  that  it  fails  to 
include  all  four  of  the  fundamental  institutions  in  its 
field  of  operation.  To  emphasize  any  one  of  the 
above  phases  to  the  neglect  of  another  is  to  retard  at 
the  very  outset  the  full  effectiveness  of  Community 
Work. 

"That  which  you  expect  to  put  into  the  child  you 
must  put  into  its  environment."  Therefore  it  is  im- 
perative that  we  cooperate  with  and  relate  ourselves 
to  the  organizations  that  are  working  for  better  social 
conditions;  together  we  can  hasten  the  day  when  every 
child  will  have  a  normal  chance  to  develop  into  a  strong. 
Christian  man  or  woman.  Good  housing  conditions, 
proper  sanitation,  reasonable  hours  of  work,  protection 
from  disease,  etc.,  are  all  basic. 

While  the  above  is  true,  it  is  well  for  us  to  remind 
ourselves  constantly  that  bringing  into  existence  ideal 
conditions  or  imparting  great  moral  and  religious  truths 
alone  will  not  make  strong  characters.  Strong  char- 
acters are  developed  through  expression.  The  child  is 
primarily  a  "doer."  He  lives  in  the  region  of  the  con- 
crete, not  the  abstract.  Consequently,  his  best  devel- 
opment demands  a  program  of  activities  which  will 
afford  the  opportunity  for  full  expression  of  his  un- 
folding character  and  pent-up  energies. 

The  committee  and  the  Covimunity  Secretary  are  in 
constant  danger  of  becoming^  on  the  one  hand,  primarily 
promoters  of  activities,  or  on  the  other,  primarily  students 
of  social  conditions.     The  maximum  results  will  be  ob- 


52   NEED  OF  A  BALANCED  PROGRAM 

tained  only  when  ike  two  are  combined,  and  vitalized  by 
the  spirit  of  Jesus  Christ. 

While  encouraging  communities  to  express  their  civic 
life  ih  better  housing  conditions,  playgrounds,  parks, 
etc.,  we  must  encourage  self-expression  on  the  part  of 
individuals  in  altruistic  service.  While  suppressing 
commercialized  vice,  we  must  in  an  increasing  degree 
be  factors  in  releasing  virtue  in  individuals.  While  we 
may  awaken  ideals  in  boys  and  young  men,  and  create 
a  desire  for  their  realization,  we  must  at  the  same  time 
encourage  wholesome  recreation.  Character  is  acquired 
by  the  activities  and  amusements  in  the  shop,  school, 
and  street,  as  well  as  by  the  controlling  influence  of  the 
church  and  home. 

The  ideal  we  seek  to  realize  is  that  of  eventually  re- 
moving the  causes  of  evil  affecting  child  life.  This  we 
must  persistently  keep  in  the  foreground.  At  the  same 
time  we  must  not  neglect  to  supplement  and  reenforce 
the  great  constructive  agencies  working  for  the  better- 
ment of  childhood.  Meanwhile  we  must  promote  a 
strong,  constructive,  balanced  program  of  activities,  for 
through  these  we  are  opening  the  way  to  make  the 
former  an  actuality. 


XI 

SUGGESTIONS  FOR  A  BOARD  OF  DIRECTORS 

The  members  of  the  Association's  Board  of  Directors 
are  such  vital  factors  in  the  Community  program  and 
the  progress  of  the  work  depends  so  largely  on  their 
vision,  their  attitude  as  to  the  great  objectives,  and  the 
extent  to  which  they  actually  assume  responsibility, 
that  it  is  of  primary  importance  that  careful  considera- 
tion be  given  to  their  selection.  Progressive  plans  are 
worked  out,  not  by  the  Secretary  alone,  but  in  con- 
ference with,  and  by  the  influence  of,  thoughtful,  con- 
secrated Christian  business  men. 

In  addition  to  a  group  of  business  men  on  the  board, 
it  is  well  to  have,  whenever  possible,  a  physician,  a 
lawyer,  a  Representative  of  the  Board  of  Education,  a 
representative  of  Sunday  school  and  church  interests, 
a  man  who  is  vitally  interested  in  the  high  school  boy, 
and  someone  who  has  like  interest  in  the  employed 
boy  and  the  "less  fortunate"  boy.  This  makes  it  pos- 
sible for  the  Secretary  at  board  meetings  and  in  per- 
sonal conferences  to  get  intelligent  advice  and  service 
in  connection  with  practically  every  phase  of  his  work. 
Care  should  be  taken,  though,  in  the  desire  to  secure  a 
board  representing  all  of  the  community  interests,  that 
vital  qualities  of  Christian  character  and  leadership 
are  not  overlooked. 

The  board  might  advantageously  spend  some  time  on 
the  night  of  the  regular  board  meeting,  previous  to  or 
immediately  after  the  business,  in  discussing  a  chapter 

53 


54  SUGGESTIONS  FOR  DIRECTORS 

of  the  Hand-Book.  Such  a  discussion  would  materially 
aid  the  board  in  becoming  more  familiar  with  the 
principles  and  objectives  of  the  Community  program. 
The  following  suggestions  are  not  based  on  theory, 
but  are  the  outgrowth  of  the  experience  of  a  great 
majority  of  Community  Associations.  The  board 
should  carefully  consider  this  chapter.  Departures 
from  these  suggestions  should  be  made  only  on  account 
of  unusual  local  conditions. 

1.  Leadership  is  of  such  importance  in  Community 
work  that  it  is  essential  to  secure  a  Secretary  who  pos- 
sesses in  a  marked  degree  consecration  to  Christ,  devo- 
tion to  His  Kingdom,  and  a  full  appreciation  of  the 
social  propaganda  as  an  expression  of  the  Christian  life. 
It  is  far  better  to  postpone  the  securing  of  a  Secretary 
than  to  be  satisfied  with  inefficient  leadership.  (Read 
again  Chapter  VI,  on  Leadership.) 

2.  A  central  office  as  headquarters  conveniently  lo- 
cated in  the  business  section  of  the  city  or  district 
should  be  secured,  and  furnished  in  a  dignified  and 
businesslike  manner.  In  some  fields  an  attractive  store 
is  used  as  an  office.  There  is  an  advantage  in  the  easy 
access  to  the  street  and  opportunity  for  using  the  show 
window  for  exhibits.  Two  rooms  are  recommended,  an 
outer  office  for  the  stenographer  and  a  private  office  for 
the  Secretary,  which  is  also  used  for  interviews  and 
committee  meetings.  Striking  pictures,  charts,  dia- 
grams, etc.,  may  well  be  displayed  on  the  walls,  to 
visualize  the  work,  in  order  to  stimulate  thinking  and 
a  desire  to  serve  on  the  part  of  those  who  call  at  the 
office.  The  office  should  rapidly  become  a  clearing- 
house and  bureau  of  information  for  agencies  in  the 


SUGGESTIONS  FOR  DIRECTORS  55 

community  working  for  the  upbuilding  of  character. 
The  committee  should  avoid  having  the  office  con- 
nected with  any  business  office,  church,  social  or  wel- 
fare agency,  or  other  sectarian  or  partisan  organization. 

3.  The  committee  should  constantly  remind  itself 
that  the  purpose  of  the  membership  of  a  Community 
Young  Men's  Christian  Association  is  not  a  means  by 
which  to  raise  money.  There  are  no  privileges  to  be 
sold.  The  associating  of  older  Christian  boys  and  men 
in  Christian  service  in  the  community  should  dominate 
the  thinking  of  the  committee. 

4.  The  committee  must  take  the  financial  load  upon 
their  shoulders.  The  Secretary  may  help  in  the  direct- 
ing of  the  financial  solicitation  and  collecting  of  sub- 
scriptions, but  he  should  be  practically  free  to  give 
himself  to  the  task  to  which  he  has  been  called.  (Read 
again  paragraph  on  Finance  Committee,  in  Chapter 
IX.) 

5.  There  is  a  real  danger  of  diagnosing  a  community's 
needs  from  a  superficial  study  of  conditions  and  of 
making  deductions  which  will  not  stand  close  scrutiny. 
Early  in  the  development  of  the  work,  if  not  previous 
to  the  financial  campaign,  a  complete  survey  should  be 
made,  in  order  that  the  committee  may  be  intelligent 
as  to  the  needs  of  the  field  and  the  forces  working  in 
harmony  with  their  purposes,  and  also  discover  those 
forces  working  against  their  objectives.  In  addition, 
they  should  be  acquainted  with  the  fundamental  char- 
acteristics of  the  community,  as  these  have  great 
significance. 

6.  Early  in  the  development  of  the  work  a  policy 
should  be  worked  out  and  adopted  which  will  cover  a 


5C  SUGGESTIONS  FOR  DIRECTORS 

period  of  years  and  anticipate  the  growth  of  the  com- 
munity. 

In  order  to  develop  a  well  worked  out  and  intensive 
program,  some  Associations  conduct  two-day  institutes. 
Large  meetings  are  not  desirable.  The  institutes  are 
primarily  a  series  of  conferences  with  each  committee 
of  the  Association.  During  the  first  day  and  a  half 
conferences  of  about  two  hours'  duration  are  held  with 
each  of  the  following  committees:  Executive,  Finance, 
Cooperation  with  the  Home,  Cooperation  with  the 
Church,  Older  Boys'  Cabinet,  Cooperation  with  the 
School,  Cooperation  with  the  Municipality,  Coopera- 
tion with  Industries,  and  Education  and  Promotion. 
In  some  institutes  a  conference  with  the  ministers  and 
school  officials  is  included. 

At  all  of  th^se  conferences  the  need  of  the  individual 
boy  and  man,  as  well  as  the  community  life,  is  con- 
sidered from  the  standpoint  of  the  special  responsi- 
bility of  each  committee,  such  as  the  Home,  the  Church, 
etc.;  and  in  the  light  of  these  discussions  a  tentative 
policy  covering  from  a  year  to  three  years  is  worked 
out. 

The  second  event  is  a  supper  conference,  to  which 
the  Board  of  Directors  and  all  of  the  sub-committees 
and  ministers  are  invited.  At  this  final  meeting  the 
chairmen  of  the  various  committees  submit  their  recom- 
mendations which  are  the  outcome  of  the  previous 
meetings.  The  recommendations  are  thoroughly  dis- 
cussed by  the  entire  group  and  if  they  meet  the  ap- 
proval of  these  men  they  are  included  in  the  policy 
and  are  visualized  on  a  large  chart.  When  each  com- 
mittee has  submitted  its  recommendations  and  those 


SUGGESTIONS  FOR  DIRECTORS  57 

that  are  suitable  have  been  accepted,  the  result  is  a 
composite  policy  on  which  the  entire  committee  force 
is  united. 

Some  of  the  apparent  results  derived  from  such  an 
institute  are: 

First.  It  graphically  portrays  the  needs  of  the  com- 
munity. 

Second.  It  emphasizes  the  bigness  of  the  task  and 
the  necessity  of  the  laymen  assuming  real  responsibility. 

Third.  It  definitely  puts  before  the  various  com- 
mittees concrete  tasks  to  accomplish  in  a  given  period 
of  time. 

Fourth.  It  establishes  for  the  Secretary  and  com- 
mitteemen an  ideal  toward  which  to  strive  and  safe- 
guards a  dissipation  of  their  thought  and  energies.  At 
the  same  time  it  provides  guide  posts  by  which  to 
check  up  such  progress  as  is  being  made  toward  the 
realization  of  the  underlying  principles  of  Community 
work. 

Fifth.  It  presents  a  concrete  challenge  with  which 
you  can  go  to  individuals  and  to  the  community,  for 
service  and  cooperation. 

7.  It  is  well  for  the  committee  constantly  to  keep 
before  them  as  a  goal  the  Balanced  Program.  (See 
Chapter  X.)  There  is  real  danger  that  the  welfare 
aspect  of  the  work  will  appeal  to  a  certain  class  of 
workers,  to  the  loss  of  the  spiritual  motive  and  achieve- 
ment. The  directly  religious  objective  must  not  be 
lost  sight  of  in  pushing  the  social  program.  Likewise, 
the  social  objective  must  not  be  lost  sight  of  in  pushing 
the  directly  religious  program.  The  two  emphases  are 
essential  for  an  effective  religious  work. 


58  SUGGESTIONS  FOR  DIRECTORS 

8.  We  must  never  fail  to  realize  that  the  Community 
Young  Men's  Christian  Association  exists  primarily  to 
serve  the  Home,  the  Church,  the  School,  and  the 
Municipality,  and  is  not  a  substitute  or  rival  of  these 
agencies.     (Read  Chapter  III,  on  Objectives.) 

9.  Do  not  try  to  realize  a  five  years'  program  of  work 
in  one  year.  Community  work  calls  for  Builders  rather 
than  Boomers. 

10.  There  is  a  constant  danger  of  yielding  to  the 
temptation  of  building  up  new  organizations  instead  of 
bringing  about  the  correlation  of  present  agencies  and 
raising  the  standard  of  their  efficiency. 

11.  Consult  freely  and  keep  in  touch  with  the  litera- 
ture of  state  and  national  agencies,  such  as  International 
Sunday  School  Association,  Playground  and  Recrea- 
tion Association,  Boy  Scouts  of  America,  etc.  (See 
Chapter  XIV  for  Suggestions.) 

12.  Do  not  overlook  the  individual  in  dealing  with 
the  mass.  Some  Community  Secretaries  are  having 
over  two  thousand  personal  interviews  a  year. 

13.  It  is  fundamental  to  the  success  of  the  work 
that  the  Secretary  multiply  himself  through  volunteer 
leadership  and  existing  organizations.  It  is  possible 
for  various  organizations  to  so  employ  his  time  in  the 
promotion  of  activities,  as  to  make  it  impossible  for 
him  to  organize  the  lay  forces  of  the  various  local  or- 
ganizations to  do  their  own  specific  tasks.  The  latter 
is  essential  for  permanent  success. 

14.  There  should  exist  the  closest  working  relation- 
ship between  the  local  Association  and  the  State  Com- 
mittee, and  the  Territorial  Committee  in  Canada,  as 
well  as  the  International  Committee,  and  the  Cana- 


A  Community  Secretary  interviewing  an  older  boy.  Each 
year  hundreds  of  boys  are  counselled  with  in  this  intimate 
fashion  concerning  life  problems  that  require  adult  advice. 


SUGGESTIONS  FOR  DIRECTORS  59 

dian  National  Council.  This  is  imperative  because  of 
the  pioneer  character  of  the  plan  and  the  necessity  for 
a  conservative  yet  progressive  policy,  as  well  as  a 
correlation  of  methods  and  principles  which  will  be  of 
working  value  to  given  communities. 

15.  No  Secretary  can  in  a  large  way  guide  his  com- 
mittees in  a  program  for  the  religious,  moral,  and  social 
uplift  of  the  community  without  annually  attending 
the  summer  schools  on  Community  Work  and  par- 
ticipating in  such  conventions  and  conferences  as  have 
a  relation  to  his  program.  The  budget  should  amply 
provide  for  this. 

16.  The  Board  should  expect  that  the  Secretary  will 
set  aside  a  regular  time  for  study  and  personal  spiritual 
growth,  and  for  the  cultivation  of  his  social  and  recrea- 
tional life,  and  that  this  time  will  be  kept  religiously. 
There  is  a  real  danger  that  the  Secretary's  religious  life 
may  become  so  mechanical  that  it  will  lose  its  spon- 
taneity and  effectiveness,  even  though  he  is  daily  pro- 
moting religious  work.  He  should  make  Bible  study, 
prayer,  and  meditation  an  actuality  in  his  own  life  if 
through  him  the  community  is  to  feel  the  force  of  the 
principles  of  Jesus  Christ. 


XII 

VISITATION  CENTERS 

The  change  from  building  work  to  the  emphasis  on 
the  cooperative  methods,  as  exempHfied  in  the  Com- 
munity Association  program,  involves  some  departure 
from  the  previous  viewpoint  of  the  worker.  Because  of 
this  has  been  developed  the  visitation  center  plan, 
which  affords  an  opportunity  for  Secretaries  who  con- 
template entering  the  work  to  visit  organized  centers 
for  conference,  study,  and  practical  experience,  under 
the  direction  of  an  experienced  Secretary. 

The  Garden  City  Community  Association  Confer- 
ence, February,  1915,  strongly  urged  upon  the  various 
supervising  agencies  that  provision  for  such  oppor- 
tunity be  made  as  an  essential  part  of  the  plan  for 
manning  new  fields.  The  following  program  was 
adopted  to  make  such  a  visit  as  profitable  as  possible: 

First.  An  information  blank  or  letter  to  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  center  to  be  visited,  to  include  the  following 
information : 

(From  the  visiting  Secretary.) 

Name  Age 

Home  address 

Where  born  and  brought  up 

Educational  advantages 

Various  employments  since  leaving  school  or  college.     (Char- 
acter and  length  of  service  of  each.) 

With  what  Young  Men's  Christian  Association  building  and 
extension  activities  are  you  familiar? 

What  books  that  have  bearing  upon  general  work  with  boys 
have  you  read  in  the  past  two  years? 

60 


VISITATION  CENTERS  61 

What  welfare  work  have  you  had  acquaintanceship  with? 
(From  the  State  and  International  Secretaries.) 
From  your  knowledge  of  his  past  boys'  work  experience  what 
are  indicated  to  be  the  visitor's 
Points  of  strength 
In  dealing  with  boys. 
In  organization. 
Personal. 
Points  of  weakness 
In  dealing  with  boys. 
In  organization. 
Personal. 

Second.    Familiarity  with  the  following  books  and 
pamphlets— to  be  gained  before  the  visit  if  possible: 

"Community  Work  of  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.,"  Ritchie. 

"Boy  Life  and  Self  Government,"  Fiske. 

"Sunday  School  and  the  Teens,"  Alexander. 

"Wider  Use  of  the  School  Plant,"  Perry. 

"Christianizing  the  Social  Order,"  Rauschenbusch. 

"Physical    Education,"    Physical    Department,    International 

Committee,  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
"Spirit  of  Youth  in  the  City  Streets,"  Addams. 
"The  Springfield  Survey,"  Russell  Sage  Foundation. 
"Christianity  and  Amusements,"  Edwards. 
"The  Family  and  Social  Work,"  Devine. 
"Christianizing  Community  Life,"  Ward-Edwards. 


Association  Press — 

High  School  Bulletins,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5. 

Employed  Boy  Bulletins. 

"The  Boys'  Secretaryship  a  Life  Work,"  Porter. 

"A  Community  that  Grew  from  Without,"  Ritchie. 
Sage  Foundation — 

"Unused    Recreational    Resources    of    the    Average    Com- 
munity," Perry. 

"The  Community-used  School  House,"  Ferry, 


62  VISITATION  CENTERS 

"The   New   Attitude  of  the  School  to  the   Health   of  the 

Child,"  Ayres. 
"Athletics  in  the  Public  School,"  Hanmer, 

Third.  Suggested  outline  of  subject  matter  to  be 
covered  as  far  as  practicable  on  the  field  by  the  visiting 
Secretary  under  the  direction  of,  and  in  conference  with, 
the  Secretary  of  the  center  visited,  through  practical 
work  and  by  study  and  investigation. 

1.  Organization  and  business  administration. 

(a)  Organization: 

Method    of    promoting    Community    Young 
Men's  Christian  Association  Work. 

Educational  and  Financial  Campaign. 

Plan  of  Organization — 

Constitution  and  By-Laws. 

Program  of  work  through  committees. 

Developing  committee's  sense  of  responsibil- 
ity. 

Enlisting  men  in  committee  service. 

Converting  community  to  new  program  and 
ideals. 

Educating  Association's  constituency. 

(b)  Business  Administration: 
Suggested  budget. 

Method  of  securing  and  collecting  contribu- 
tions. 

Financial  system. 

Statistical  records. 

Filing  system — 

Financial,  statistical,  letters,  informational. 

Actual  demonstration  of  how  to  prepare  for 
and  conduct  board  and  committee  meetings. 


VISITATION  CENTERS  63 

2.  Underlying  principles  and  objectives. 
Illustrate  by  concrete  examples  from  the  local  field 

the  practical  working  out  of  the  underlying  principles 
and  objectives  set  down  in  Chapters  III  and  IV. 

3.  How  to  analyze  a  field  and  make  use  of  the  results. 

4.  A  suggested  program  of  work  for  a  given  field  in 
connection  with  the  Home,  Church,  School,  Munici- 
pality, and  Industries. 

A  list  of  possible  activities  in  cooperation  with  each 
thoroughly  discussed  and  where  possible  investigated. 

Study  of  the  progress  made  toward  the  realization  of 
this  program  in  the  local  center  visited. 

5.  Intimate  acquaintance  through  practical  work 
with  the  promotion  and  conduct  of 

(a)  High  School  Student  Christian  Movement. 

(b)  Organized  Bible   Class  activities   and   Boys' 

Department   organization   in   the    Sunday 
school. 

(c)  Social  center  and  playground  work. 

(d)  Organized  school  ground  play. 

(e)  Methods  of  sex  education. 

(f)  Work  for  employed  boys. 

Fourth.  A  report  letter  from  the  Secretary  of  the 
center  visited  to  the  State  or  other  supervisory  agency. 


XIII 

APPROVED  AND  ADOPTED  RESOLUTIONS 

The  following  are  some  of  the  resolutions  adopted  at 
the  Chicago  Beach  Conference,  the  Garden  City  Con- 
ference, the  International  Committee  and  Secretaries' 
Conference  at  Atlantic  City,  and  the  Metropolitan  Sec- 
retaries' Conference  at  Atlantic  City.  They  have 
proven  to  be  basic  in  the  development  of  Young  Men's 
Christian  Association  Community  Work  and  we  here- 
with quote  them  for  careful  perusal  and  consideration. 

Chicago  Beach  Conference 
January  25-29,  1914 

1.  It  is  the  part  of  wisdom  and  Christian  brotherhood 
that  we,  as  a  growing  national  movement,  cooperate 
actively  and  sympathetically  with  every  nation-wide 
welfare  movement  for  the  uplift,  directly  or  indirectly, 
of  childhood.  We  urge  close  touch  with  the  national 
headquarters  of  these  agencies  and  acquaintance  with 
their  literature.  We  particularly  mention  the  following 
two: 

2.  Cooperation  with  the  Young  Women's  Christian 
Association  is  not  only  our  duty  and  privilege,  but  is  a 
wise  policy  closely  affecting  our  work  in  the  community. 
Home  life,  domestic  relations,  normal  social  life,  all  are 
bound  up  in  such  a  policy.  The  permanency  of  this 
cooperation  is  largely  dependent  upon  our  relation  to 
the  national  organization  of  the  Young  Women's  Chris- 
tian Association, 

64 


ADOPTED  RESOLUTIONS  65 

3.  The  importance  of  cooperation  with  the  County, 
State,  and  International  Sunday  School  organizations  is 
here  reiterated.  Whenever  possible,  boys  should  be 
placed  in  Bible  study  under  qualified  masculine  leader- 
ship in  the  Sunday  school.  Where  this  is  not  possible 
we  should  bend  every  effort  as  Community  Secretaries 
to  gather  older  boys  in  Bible  study  groups  in  homes, 
clubs,  or  other  places. 

4.  The  sessions  of  the  conference  have  emphasized 
the  wisdom  of  our  acquaintance  with  the  State  law  and 
municipal  ordinances  governing  matters  pertaining  to 
health,  delinquency,  education,  and  all  phases  of  child 
welfare.  We  urge  cooperation  with  all  agencies  having 
to  do  with  the  formulating,  interpreting,  and  enforcing 
of  these  laws.  We  point  out  the  necessity  for  the  codi- 
fication of  all  such  laws. 

5.  In  relation  to  all  matters  pertaining  to  public 
amusements,  we  urge  less  censorship  and  more  sympa- 
thetic cooperation,  that  normal  recreation  may  be  made 
possible  to  all,  under  wise  supervision. 

6.  We  believe  in  the  great  value  and  future  necessity 
of  interchurch  effort,  and  pledge  ourselves  to  do  all  we 
can  to  bring  about  as  early  as  possible  a  close  working 
relationship  between  all  churches  and  all  denominations 
for  the  sake  of  the  child. 

7.  In  relation  to  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  so- 
called  "social  evil'*  we  urge  caution  against  careless 
work  and  ill-advised  effort.  No  educational  effort  is 
more  needed  and  no  evil  should  be  more  firmly  and 
•wisely  fought.  At  the  same  time  no  problem  calls  for 
more  prayerful  and  statesmanlike  work. 

8.  The  conference  has  served  to  bring  before  us  with 


66  ADOPTED  RESOLUTIONS 

renewed  emphasis  the  wisdom  of  a  wider  use  of  the 
pubhc  schools.  We  recognize  the  right  of  every  tax- 
payer to  the  school  equipment  and  its  privileges  and 
shall  bend  our  efforts  to  securing  these  as  social  and 
recreative  centers  for  parents  and  children  of  our 
communities. 

9.  We  urge  all  the  Community  Secretaries  to  be- 
come students  of  vocational  guidance  for  older  boys, 
to  recognize  its  fundamental  value  and  to  cooperate 
in  every  way  with  employers  of  boys  to  bring  about  a 
general  recognition  of  the  right  of  every  boy  to  such 
guidance  and  to  help  make  it  possible  for  the  boy  to 
secure  it. 

10.  The  present  High  School  idea  with  its  outgrowth, 
the  School  Student  Christian  Movement,  we  recognize 
as  the  result  of  the  careful  study  of  some  years.  Its 
practical  value  has  been  tested  and  we  adopt  it  as  the 
basis  of  our  effort  among  High  School  boys  in  our 
communities. 

Garden  City  Conference 
February  7-11,  1915 

1.  The  Committee  emphasizes  the  essential  import- 
ance of  the  Training  Center  idea  as  set  forth  by  the 
Committee  on  Training  Centers  and  recommends  the 
plan  as  suggested. 

2.  In  order  that  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Associa- 
tion Community  Work,  both  prospective  and  present, 
may  avoid  dangers  in  promotion  and  organization,  the 
Findings  Committee  recommends  careful  study  of  the 
Chapter  on  Organization.    Because  of  the  fundamental 


ADOPTED  RESOLUTIONS  67 

importance  of  Membership  and  Constitution  and  By- 
Laws,  we  call  to  your  attention  especially  these  topics 
in  Chapter  VIII  and  the  Appendix. 

3.  The  Committee  recommends  as  a  practical  pro- 
gram the  plan  for  work  among  employed  boys  as 
set  forth  by  C.  C.  Robinson  in  his  booklet  "A  Plan 
of  Building  and  Extension  Work  among  Employed 
Boys." 

4.  The  Committee  recommends  that  the  Garden  City 
Conference  of  Community  Secretaries  go  on  record  as 
standing  unqualifiedly  for  the  establishment  of  a  Young 
Men's  Christian  Association  organization,  and  this  with 
no  uncertain  note,  wherever  Community  Work  is  con- 
templated under  the  auspices  of  the  Young  Men's 
Christian  Association. 

5.  We  urge  the  careful  thought  and  active  partici- 
pation of  all  Community  Secretaries  in  the  three 
year  Summer  School  Training  Course  on  Community 
Work.  ^ 

Annual  Conference  of  the  International  Com- 
mittee AND  Secretaries,  Atlantic  City,  N.  J. 
September  15-18,  1916 

Commission  II 

COMMUNITY   WORK 

1.  Definition 

A  Community  Young  Men's  Christian  Association 
IS  an  organized  Association  unit  with  an  employed 
Secretary,  but  without  a  building.  It  should  fre- 
quently lead  to  a  building  in  the  larger  communities. 


68  ADOPTED  RESOLUTIONS 

In  smaller  communities  it  may  or  may  not  lead  to  a 
building. 

2.  Administration 

(1)  In  the  promotion  of  Community  Young  Men's 
Christian  Associations  the  City  Department  should  be 
responsible  in  the  city  fields  and  the  County  Depart- 
ment in  the  country  fields. 

For  special  groups,  such  as  Colored,  Railroad,  and 
Industrial,  in  city  or  country  fields  the  Community  As- 
sociation may  be  promoted  by  the  appropriate  depart- 
ment of  the  International  Committee  in  cooperation 
with  the  City  or  County  Department. 

(2)  A  Community  Young  Men's  Christian  Associa- 
tion under  the  supervision  of  the  County  Department 
will  not  necessarily  develop  into  a  regular  city  type  of 
work  in  a  building.  In  many  communities  a  building  may 
be  unnecessary  and  undesirable.  In  other  instances  it 
may  be  the  means  of  promoting  the  securing  of  a  build- 
ing. The  policy  in  each  case  must  be  determined  by 
local  conditions.  Whenever  a  Community  Young  Men's 
Christian  Association  develops  under  the  County  Work 
Department  into  the  city  type  of  work  it  should  pass 
from  the  supervision  of  the  County  Work  Department 
to  the  City  Department. 

3.  Relation  to  State  and  Local  Organizations 

The  action  of  the  International  Committee  in  refer- 
ence to  the  Community  Associations  is  to  be  taken  in 
accordance  with  the  standing  rule  of  the  International 
Committee  to  work  through  State  and  local  Associa- 
tions. 


ADOPTED  RESOLUTIONS  69 

Conference  General  Secretaries  in  Metropolitan 

Fields 
November  30  to  December  3,  1916 
**That  we  recognize  that  experience  has  demonstrated 
that  there  is  a  useful  place  in  the  Metropolitan  field  for 
Community  Work,  not  as  a  substitute  for  work  with 
standard  buildings,  but  as  a  worth-while  work  with 
boys  in  clearly  defined  sections  of  the  city,  where  for 
the  present  branches  with  buildings  are  not  feasible." 


XIV 

KINDRED  ORGANIZATIONS 

Every  Community  Secretary  should  be  in  touch  with 
the  following  national  and  international  organizations 
and  movements,  and  familiar  with  their  instructive 
leaflets  and  pamphlets,  which  may  be  obtained  free  or 
at  a  nominal  cost.  The  Community  Association  will 
undoubtedly  come  in  touch  with  organizations  which 
are  not  listed  here.  The  list  given  is  not  exhaustive, 
but  includes  many  of  the  most  helpful  agencies  with 
which  the  Association  can  cooperate. 

Aetna  Life  Insurance  Company,  100  William  Street, 

New  York  City,  and  Hartford,  Conn. 
American  Association  for  Labor  Legislation,  131  East 

23rd  Street,  New  York  City. 

Purpose:  To  investigate  conditions  underlying  labor  legisla- 
tion, and  to  collect  and  disseminate  information  leading  to 
greater  care  and  uniformity  in  such  legislation. 

.  I 

American  Association  for  Study  and  Prevention  of  In-^ 
fant  Mortality,  211  Cathedral  Street,  Baltimore, 
Md. 

American  Association   for  the   Study  of  the  Feeble- 
Minded,  Faribault,  Minn. 

Purpose:  To  discuss  all  questions  relating  to  the  causes  of 
feeble-mindedness  and  the  condition   of  the  feeble-minded;   to 
consider  their  management,  training,  and  education,  and  lend    j 
influence    toward    the    establishment    of    institutions    for    their 
care. 

70 


KINDRED  ORGANIZATIONS  71 

American  Civic  Association,  913-914  Union  Trust 
Building,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Purpose:  To  cultivate  higher  ideals  of  civic  life  and  beauty  in 
America;  to  promote  city,  town,  and  neighborhood  improve- 
ment; to  secure  the  preservation  and  development  of  landscape 
and  the  advancement  of  outdoor  art.  It  aims  to  make  living 
conditions  clean,  healthful,  and  attractive. 

American  Federation  of  Labor,  801  G  Street,  N.  W., 

Washington,  D.  C. 
American  Institute  of  Social  Service,  Bible  House,  Astor 

Place,  New  York  City. 

Purpose:  To  serve  as  a  clearing  house  for  facts,  experiences, 
and  ideas  on  social  and  industrial  sentiments.  Those  interested 
may  consult  a  large  specialized  library  and  a  department  of  ex- 
pert information  and  may  borrow  books  and  documents  so  far 
as  the  library  contains  duplicates.  The  Institute  has  several 
thousand  negatives  on  social  subjects  from  which  slides  may  be 
made  to  order,  conducts  a  lectureship  on  social  subjects,  arranges 
for  special  investigations.  All  its  services  are  free  except  special 
investigation. 

American  Medical  Association,  535  North  Dearborn 
Street,  Chicago,  111. 

Purpose:  To  promote  the  science  and  art  of  medicine  and  to 
endeavor  to  unite  in  one  compact  organization  the  medical  pro- 
fession of  the  United  States  for  the  purpose  of  fostering  the 
growth  and  diffusion  of  medical  knowledge.  Pamphlets  on  medi- 
cal fakes  and  fakers. 

American  Museum  of  Safety,  29  West  39th  Street, 
New  York  City. 

American  Peace  Society,  Colorado  Building,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 


72  KINDRED  ORGANIZATIONS 

American  Red  Cross,  1024  H  Street,  N.  W.,  Washing- 
ton, D.  C. 

Purpose:  To  furnish  aid  to  the  sick  and  wounded  of  armies  in 
time  of  war;  to  carry  on  in  time  of  peace  a  system  of  national 
and  international  relief  for  those  suffering  from  pestilence, 
famine,  fire,  flood,  and  other  national  calamities,  and  to  devise 
and  carry  on  measures  for  preventing  the  same. 

American  School  Hygiene  Association,  College  of  the 
City  of  New  York,  New  York  City. 

American  Social  Hygiene  Association,  105  West  40th 
Street,  New  York  City. 

Anti-Cigarette  League  of  America,  1119  Woman's  Tem- 
ple, Chicago,  111. 
Pamphlets  on  Clean  Life. 

Anti-Saloon  League  of  America,  Westerville,  Ohio. 

Purpose:  To  secure  the  ultimate  national  suppression  of  the 
saloon  in  the  United  States  and  its  progressive  local  repression 
as  a  means  to  that  end.  The  League  publishes  the  "American 
Issue"  and  many  leaflets. 

Big  Brother  Movement,  200  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York 

City. 
Boy  Scouts  of  America,  200  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York 

City. 
Boys'  Club  Federation,  1  Madison  Avenue,  New  York 

City. 

Purpose:  By  association  of  individuals  and  clubs  to  promote 
the  work  of  boys'  clubs  and  to  further  the  formation  of  new 
clubs  where  needed;  to  supply  men  for  superintendents;  to  give 
advice  and  furnish  literature. 

Boys'  Department  of  the  International  Committee  of 
Young  Men's  Christian  Associations,  124  East  28th 
Street,  New  York  City. 


KINDRED  ORGANIZATIONS  7S 

Bureau  of  Municipal  Research,  261  Broadway,  New 
York  City. 

Camp  Fire  Girls  of  America,  461  Fourth  Avenue,  New 
York  City. 

Carnegie  Foundation,  576  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City. 

Charity  Organization  Department,  Russell  Sage  Foun- 
dation, 130  East  22nd  Street,  New  York  City. 

Purpose:  To  extend  charity  organization  work  in  communities 
where  it  has  not  yet  taken  root  and  in  communities  desiring  to 
increase  local  efficiency;  to  gather  up  the  best  experience  of 
existing  associated  charities  or  charity  organization  societies  and 
give  it  currency. 

Chicago  Society  of  Social  Hygiene,  100  State  Street, 
Chicago,  111. 

Child-Helping  Department  of  the  Russell  Sage  Foun- 
dation, 130  East  22nd  Street,  New  York 
City. 

Purpose:  To  undertake  certain  lines  of  work  in  the  child- 
helping  field;  to  furnish  advice  in  the  improvement  of  existing 
child-helping  agencies  and  in  the  development  of  new  plans. 
Studies  are  being  made  of  child-placing  agencies  in  the  United 
States. 

Church  Association  for  the  Advancement  of  the  In- 
terests of  Labor,  416  Lafayette  Street,  New  York 
City. 

■  Purpose:  To  interest  the  clergy  and  laity  of  the  church  in  the 
questions  now  being  agitated;  to  inform  them  as  to  the  nature 
of  the  issues  presented  and  to  be  prepared  to  act  as  the  neces- 
sities of  the  day  may  demand. 

Church  Laymen's  Union,  23  Union  Square,  New  York 
City. 


74  KINDRED  ORGANIZATIONS 

Church  Temperance   Society   (Protestant  Episcopal), 

281  Fourth  Avenue,  New  York  City. 

Leaflets  on  "Cut  it  Out,"  "What  it  Means  to  the  Working- 
man." 

Committee  of  One  Hundred  on  National  Health, 
105  East  22nd  Street,  New  York  City  (Room  51). 

Committee  on  the  Prevention  of  Tuberculosis,  Charity 

Organization  Society,  105  East  22nd  Street,  New 

York  City. 

Pamphlets  on  "How  to  avoid  tuberculosis,"  "How  to  prevent 
tuberculosis." 

Conference  for  Education  and  Industry,  508  McLachlen 

Building,  Washington,  D.  C. 
Congregational  Home  Missionary  Society,  287  Fourth 

Avenue,  New  York  City. 
Council  of  Jewish  Women,  3437  Paseo,  Kansas  City, 

Mo. 

Purpose:  To  bring  about  a  union  of  Jewish  women  for  con- 
ference and  work;  to  further  united  efforts  in  behalf  of  Judaism 
and  in  the  work  of  social  betterment  through  religion,  philan- 
thropy, and  education. 

Daily  Vacation  Bible  School,  90  Bible  House,  New 
York  City. 

Department  of  Child  Hygiene,  Russell  Sage  Founda- 
tion, 130  East  22nd  Street,  New  York  City. 

Purpose:  To  conduct  researches  and  promote  activities  favor- 
able to  the  physical,  moral,  and  intellectual  welfare  of  children, 
especially  public  recreation  and  the  health  and  progress  of  school 
children.  Lines  of  study  and  investigation,  public  baths,  public 
school  athletic  leagues,  Sunday  school  athletic  leagues,  play  fes- 
tivals and  pageants  for  the  celebration  of  national  holidays,  folk 
dancing,  wider  use  of  the  school  plants,  etc. 


KINDRED  ORGANIZATIONS  75 

Department  of  Social  and  Public  Service,  25  Beacon 

Street,  Boston,  Mass. 

Purpose:  To  be  of  service  to  Unitarian  churches  or  to  any 
other  organizations  and  individuals  who  wish  it,  in  the  conduct 
of  their  social  work. 

Division  of  Information,  Department  of  Labor,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 

Pamphlets  on  Naturalization  of  Aliens  in  the  United  States, 
The  Opportunity,  Constitution  of  the  United  States,  etc. 

Educational  Department  of  the  International  Commit- 
tee of  Young  Men's  Christian  Associations,  124 
East  28th  Street,  New  York  City. 

Efficiency  Society,  25  West  39th  Street,  New  York 
City. 

Federal  Council  of  the  Churches  of  Christ  in  America, 
105  East  22nd  Street,  New  York  City. 

Purpose:  To  bring  the  Christian  bodies  of  America  into  united 
service  for  Christ  and  the  world;  to  secure  for  them  a  larger 
combined  influence  in  all  matters  affecting  the  moral  and  social 
conditions  of  the  people. 

Federation  of  Day  Nurseries,  105  East  22nd  Street, 
New  York  City. 

Purpose:  To  act  as  a  general  bureau  for  the  collection  of  in- 
formation in  regard  to  existing  day  nurseries,  and  for  the  publi- 
cation and  distribution  of  literature  that  would  prove  helpful  to 
those  desiring  to  start  new  ones. 

Fidelity  and  Casualty  Company,  92  Liberty  Street, 

New  York  City. 
Fly  Fighting  Committee  of  America,  Civic  Association, 
156  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York  City. 
Leaflet  "Kill  Flies  and  Save  Lives." 


76  KINDRED  ORGANIZATIONS 

Health  Education  League,  113  Devonshire  Street,  Bos- 
ton, Mass. 

Home  Garden  Association,  612  St.  Clair  Avenue,  Cleve- 
land, Ohio. 

Report  handsomely  printed  and  illustrated  on  Home  Garden- 
ing. 

Immigration  Restriction  League,  60  State  Street,  Bos- 
ton, Mass. 

Purpose:  To  secure  needed  legislation  on  emigration  matters 
and  proper  enforcement  of  the  laws;  to  distribute  information 
concerning  conditions  of  immigration. 

Industrial  Department,  International  Committee  of 
Young  Men's  Christian  Associations,  124  East  28th 
Street,  New  York  City. 

International  Reform  Bureau  (Temperance  and  Social 
Purity),  206  Pennsylvania  Avenue,  S.  E.,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 

International  Sunday  School  Association,  1416  Mailers 
Building,  Chicago,  111. 

Jewish  Agricultural  and  Industrial  Aid  Society,  174 
Second  Avenue,  New  York  City. 

Joint  Commission  on  Social  Service  of  Protestant  Epis- 
copal Church,  281  Fourth  Avenue,  New  York 
City. 

Methodist  Federation  of  Social  Service,  72  Mt.  Vernon 
Street,  Boston,  Mass. 

Metropolitan   Life    Insurance    Company,    1    Madison 
Avenue,  New  York. 
Health  promotion  pamphlets. 

Missionary  Education  Movement,  156  Fifth  Avenue, 
New  York  City. 


KINDRED  ORGANIZATIONS  77 

National  Association  for  the  Study  and  Prevention  of 
Tuberculosis,  102  East  22nd  Street,  New  York 
City. 

Purpose:  To  study  tuberculosis  in  all  its  forms  and  relations; 
to  disseminate  knowledge  concerning  it;  to  encourage  its  pre- 
vention and  scientific  treatment.  Tuberculosis  pamphlets  and 
cards  in  18  languages. 

National  Board  Young  Women's  Christian  Association, 
600  Lexington  Avenue,  New  York  City. 

National  Child  Labor  Committee,  105  East  22nd  Street, 
New  York  City. 

Purpose:  To  investigate  and  report  the  facts  concerning  child 
labor;  to  raise  the  standard  of  public  opinion  and  parental  re- 
sponsibility with  respect  to  the  employment  of  children;  to 
assist  in  protecting  children  by  suitable  legislation  against 
premature  or  otherwise  injurious  employment. 

National  Child  Welfare  Exhibit  Association,  70  Fifth 

Avenue,  New  York  City. 
National  City  Planning  Conference,  19  Congress  Street, 

Boston,  Mass. 
National  Civic  Federation,  281  Fourth  Avenue,  New 

York  City. 

Purpose:  To  organize  the  best  brains  of  the  nation  in  an  edu- 
cational movement  towards  the  solution  of  some  of  the  great 
problems  relating  to  social  and  industrial  progress;  to  provide 
for  study  and  discussions  of  national  import;  to  aid  thus  in  the 
crystallization  of  the  most  enlightened  public  opinion;  and  when 
desirable  to  promote  legislation  in  accordance  therewith. 

National  Committee  for  Mental  Hygiene,  50  Union 
Square,  New  York  City. 


78  KINDRED  ORGANIZATIONS 

National  Committee  for  Prevention  of  Blindness  of  the 
Russell  Sage  Foundation,  130  East  22nd  Street, 
New  York  City. 

Purpose:  To  conduct  a  national  campaign  for  the  prevention 
of  blindness;  to  ascertain  the  direct  causes  of  preventable  blind- 
ness, and  to  take  such  measures  in  cooperation  with  the  medical 
profession  and  others  as  shall  lead  to  the  elimination  of  such 
causes. 

National  Committee  on  Prisons  and  Prison  Labor,  27 

East  22nd  Street,  New  York  City. 
National  Conference  of  Charities  and  Correction,  315 

Plymouth  Street,  Chicago,  111. 

Purpose:  To  diffuse  trustworthy  information  and  stimulate 
right  sentiment  on  the  many  difficult  problems  of  charity  and 
correction,  by  holding  public  meetings  in  various  cities  through- 
out the  country. 

National   Conference  of  Immigration,   22  East  39th 

Street,  New  York  City. 
National  Conference  of  Jewish  Charities,  411   West 

Fayette  Street,  Baltimore,  Md. 

Purpose:  To  discuss  the  problems  of  charity  and  to  promote 
reforms  in  the  administration;  to  provide  uniformity  of  action 
and  cooperation  in  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  relief  and  bet- 
terment of  the  Jewish  poor. 

National  Congress  of  Mothers,  806  Washington  Loan 
and  Trust  Building,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Purpose:  To  raise  the  standards  of  home  life;  to  develop  wiser, 
better  trained  parenthood;  to  bring  into  closer  relation  the  home 
and  the  school;  to  secure  by  legislation  juvenile  courts  and  pro- 
bation officers;  to  emphasize  the  community's  duty  to  children, 
especially  the  neglected  and  dependent.  The  Congress  publishes 
handbook  and  leaflets. 

National  Conservation  Association,  Munsey  Building, 
Washington,  D.  C. 


KINDRED  ORGANIZATIONS  79 

National  Consumers'  League,  105  East  22nd  Street, 
New  York  City. 

National  Education  Association,  Ann  Arbor,  Mich. 

National  Founders'  Association,  915  Hammond  Build- 
ing, Detroit,  Mich. 

National  Housing  Association,  105  East  22nd  Street, 

New  York  City. 

Purpose:  To  improve  housing  conditions,  both  urban  and  sub- 
urban, in  every  practicable  way. 

National  League  On  Urban  Conditions  Among  Negroes, 
2303  Seventh  Avenue,  New  York  City,  and  1611 
Harding  Street,  Nashville,  Tenn. 

National  Liberal  Immigration  League,  150  Nassau 
Street,  New  York  City. 

Purpose:  To  secure  the  proper  regulation  and  better  distribu- 
tion of  immigration;  to  hold  public  meetings  and  publish  and 
distribute  literature  on  immigration  and  kindred  subjects. 

National  Mouth  Hygiene  Association,   800  Schofield 

Building,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Leaflets  on  the  importance  of,  and  suggestions  for  maintaining 
healthy  mouths. 

National  Municipal  League,  North  American  Building, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

National  Probation  Association,  Municipal  Courts 
Building,  Saint  Louis,  Mo. 

National  Short  Ballot  Organization,  383  Fourth  Avenue, 
New  York  City. 

National  Society  for  the  Promotion  of  Industrial  Edu- 
cation, 140  West  42nd  Street,  New  York  City. 

Purpose:  To  arouse  public  attention  to  the  need  for  industrial 
education;  to  serve  as  a  forum  for  the  discussion  of  various  prob- 


80  KINDRED  ORGANIZATIONS 

lems  involved  and  to  print  and  distribute  studies  of  the  special 
phases  of  the  subject. 

National  Temperance  Society,  289  Fourth  Avenue,  New 
York  City. 

"Employers  Prefer  Total  Abstainers"  and  other  literature  sup- 
plied at  cost. 

National  Vocational  Guidance  Association,  109  Church, 

Nutley,  N.  J. 
National  Woman's  Christian  Temperance  Union,  Evan- 

ston,  111. 
National  Women's  Trade  Union  League  of  America, 

127  North  Dearborn  Street,  Chicago,  111. 
New  York  Sabbath  Committee,  31  Bible  House,  New 

York  City. 

Speakers  available. 

North   American   Civic  League  for   Immigrants,   173 
State  Street,  Boston,  Mass. 
"Message  for  Newcomers  to  the  United  States"  and  other 
leaflets. 

Oregon  Social  Hygiene  Society,  719  Seeling  Building, 

Portland,  Ore. 
People's  University  Extension  Society,  105  East  17th 

Street,  New  York  City. 
Health   hints   in   English,    German,    Italian,    Bohemian,   and 
Yiddish. 

Physical  Department  of  the  International  Committee 
of  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Associations,  124 
East  28th  Street,  New  York  City. 


KINDRED  ORGANIZATIONS  81 

Playground  and  Recreation  Association  of  America, 
1  Madison  Avenue,  New  York  City. 

Purpose:  To  increase  the  efficiency  of  playgrounds  already  es- 
tablished and  to  establish  playgrounds  on  the  right  basis  in 
cities  and  towns  not  having  them.  It  offers  personal  consultation 
and  advice,  provides  speakers  and  arranges  for  local  institutes, 
publishes  lists  of  persons  desiring  playground  positions,  makes 
statistics  and  experiences  of  various  cities  available,  loans  lan- 
tern slides  and  playground  models,  prepares  bibliographies,  etc., 
publishes  the  magazine  The  Playground. 

Religious  Citizenship  League,  82  Bible  House,  New 
York  City. 

Religious  Education  Association,  72  East  Madison 
Street,  Chicago,  111. 

Rockefeller  Sanitary  Commission,  Union  Trust  Build- 
ing, Washington,  D.  C. 

Purpose:  The  eradication  of  the  hook-worm  disease. 

Salvation  Army,  120  West  14th  Street,  New  York  City. 

Scientific  Temperance  Federation,  23  Trull  Street,  Bos- 
ton, Mass. 

Social  Service  Bureau  of  the  Board  of  Home  Missions 
of  the  Presbyterian  Church,  156  Fifth  Avenue,  New 
York  City. 

Purpose:  To  interpret  the  church  to  working  men  and  working 
men  to  the  church;  to  interpret  employer  and  employe  to  each 
other  through  education,  inspiration,  mediation,  evangelism,  and 
twentieth  century  methods  of  Christian  work. 

Social  Service  Commission  of  the  Congregational 
Churches,  14  Beacon  Street,  Boston,  Mass. 

Social  Service  Commission  of  the  Northern  Baptist 
Convention,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Society  for  Prevention  of  Cruelty  to  Animals,  15  Madi- 
son Avenue,  New  York  City. 


82  KINDRED  ORGANIZATIONS 

Society  for  the  Prevention  of  Cruelty  to  Children,  297 

Fourth  Avenue,  New  York  City. 
Society  for  the  Suppression  of  Unnecessary  Noise,  The 

Ansonia,  73rd  Street  and  Broadway,  New  York 

City. 
Society  of  Sanitary  and  Moral  Prophylaxis,  105  East 

40th  Street,  New  York  City. 

Purpose:  To  limit  the  spread  of  diseases  which  have  their 
origin  in  the  social  evil;  to  study  every  means,  sanitary,  moral, 
and  administrative,  which  promises  to  be  effective  for  this  pur- 
pose.    Pamphlets  on  sex  instruction  at  cost. 

State  Charities  Aid  Association,  105  East  22nd  Street, 

New  York  City. 
State  Educational  Board. 

Bulletins  on  general  industrial  and  trade  education  are  issued 
by  your  State  Board.    Write  to  the  State  Director  of  Education. 

Travelers'  Aid  Society,  465  Lexington  Avenue,  New 

York  City. 

United  States  Life  Saving  Service,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Pamphlet.  Directions  for  restoring  the  apparently  drowned. 
May  be  obtained  in  limited  quantities.  State  the  number 
wanted. 

Volunteers  of  America,  34  West  28th  Street,  New  York 

City. 
Woodcraft  League  of  America,  13  West  2'9th  Street, 

New  York  City. 
Women's  Auxiliary  Civil  Service  Reform  League,  287 

Carroll  Street,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Pamphlets  for  immigrants  on  American  Government.  Sum- 
mary of  the  United  States  Constitution,  Honor  in  Politics. 

World's   Court    League,    120    Broadway,   New   York 
City. 


XV 

BIBLIOGRAPHY 

The  office  of  the  Community  Young  Men's  Christian 
Association  in  many  instances  may  be  the  headquarters 
for  a  bureau  of  ih formation  and  a  clearing-house  for 
those  agencies  and  individuals  working  for  the  building 
of  Christian  manhood  and  the  moral  uplift  of  the  com- 
munity. This  necessarily  means  that  the  best  and 
latest  material  obtainable,  abroad  and  in  this  country, 
which  has  to  do  with  the  educational,  social,  economic, 
civic,  and  religious  life  of  a  community,  must  be  se- 
cured, classified,  and  catalogued,  and  the  information 
made  accessible  to  those  desiring  it.  A  clearing-house 
of  this  character  will  also  have  a  carefully  chosen  li- 
brary for  Community  leaders.  The  following  books 
are  suggested  as  a  nucleus  around  which  such  a  library 
may  be  built.  A  few  of  these  have  been  classified  under 
the  Home,  the  Church,  the  School,  the  Municipality, 
and  Industries.  Other  helpful  books  are  listed  which 
have  a  direct  or  indirect  bearing  upon  the  Community 
Association  program. 

The  Home 

The  Family,  Mrs.  Helen  Bosanquet 

The  Family:  An  Historical  and  Social  Study,  C.  F.  Thwing 
The  Family  and  Social  Work,  E.  T.  Devine 
The  Family  and  Its  Sociological  Aspects,  J.  G.  Dealey 
Heredity  in  Relation  to  Eugenics,  C.  B.  Davenport 
The  Peril  and  the  Preservation  of  the  Home,  Jacob  A.  Riis 
Training  of  Parents,  E.  H.  Abbott 

The    Delinquent  Child  and    the    Home,    Breckinridge    and 
Abbott 

83 


84  BIBLIOGRAPHY 

The  Church 

The  Bot  and  the  Church,  Eugene  C.  Foster 

The  Boy  and  the  Sunday  School,  John  L.  Alexander 

The  Challenge  of  the  City,  Josiah  Strong 

Christianizing  the  Social  Order,  Walter  Rauschenbusch 

The  Churches  and  the  Wage  Earners,  C.  B.  Thompson 

The  Country  Church  and  the  Rural  Problem,  Kenyon  L. 

Butterfield 
Jesus  Christ  and  the  Social  Question,  F.  G.  Peabody 
The  Sunday  School  and  the  Teens,  John  L.  Alexander 
The  Social  Creed  of  the  Churches,  H.  F.  Ward 
The  City  Church  and  Its  Social  Mission,  A.  M.  Trawick 

The  School 

Health  and  Medical  Inspection  of  School  Children,  W.  S. 

Cornell 
Helping  School  Children,  Elsa  Denison 
The  High  School  Movement  Series.     (Set  of  five  pamphlets. 

Association  Press) 
Laggards  in  Our  Schools,  Leonard  P.  Ayres 
Medical  Inspection  of  Schools,  Gulick  and  Ayres 
Wider  Use  of  the  School  Plant,  Clarence  A.  Perry 

The  MuNictPALiTY 

American  City  Government,  C.  A.  Beard 

English  for  Coming  Americans,  Peter  Roberts.     (Teacher's 

Manual  and  First  and  Second  Readers) 
English  for  Coming  Canadians,  Peter  Roberts.     (Teacher's 

Manual  and  First  and  Second  Readers) 
Great  Cities  in  America,  D.  F.  Wilcox 
The  Modern  City,  Frederic  C.  Howe 
Playground  Technique  and  Playcraft,  Arthur  Leland  and 

L.  H.  Leland 
Field  Day  and  Play  Picnics  for  Country  Children,  Myron 

T.  Scudder 
Games  for  the  Playground,  Home,  School  and  Gymnasium, 

J.  H.  Bancroft 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  85 

Industries 

The  Church  and  the  Labor  Movement,  Charles  Stelzle 

Citizens  in  Industry,  Charles  R.  Henderson 

The  Executive  and  His  Control  of  Men,  E.  B.  Gowin 

From  Alien  to  Citizen,  Edward  Steiner 

The  History  of  Trade  Unionism,  S.  and  B.  Webb 

Increasing  Human  Efficiency  in  Business,  W.  D.  Scott 

History  and  Problems  of  Organized  Labor,  F.  T.  Carlton 

Industrial  Development,  Richard  S.  Ely 

Industrial  Betterment,  Wm.  H.  Tolman 

The  Industrial  Situation,  F.  T.  Carlton 

The  New  Immigration,  Peter  Roberts 

The  New  Industrial  Day,  Wm.  C.  Redfield 

Additional  Reference  Books 
Religious 

Efficiency  in  Religious  Work,  W.  H.  Allen 

The  Social  Engineer,  Edwin  Lee  Earp 

Social  Salvation,  Washington  Gladden 

The  Social  Basis  of  Religion,  S.  N.  Patten 

Jesus  Christ  and  the  Civilization  of  Today,  J.  A.  Leighton 

The  Religion  of  a  Democrat,  Charles  Zueblin 

Evolution  and  Its  Relation  to  Religious  Thought,  Joseph 

Le  Conte 
The  Open  Church  for  the  Unchurched,  J.  E.  McCulloch 
Administration   of  an  Institutional  Church,   Hodges  and 

Reichet 
The  Minister  and  the  Boy,  Allen  Hoben 
The  Child  fob  Christ,  A.  H.  McKinney 
Religion  in  Social  Action,  G.  Taylor 
Social  Principles  of  Jesus,  Walter  Rauschenbusch 
Christianizing  Community  Life,  Ward  and  Edwards 
Christianity  and  Amusements,  Richard  H.  Edwards 
Psalms  of  the  Social  Life,  Cleland  B.  McAfee 
The  Meaning  of  Prayer,  Harry  Emerson  Fosdick 
The  Manhood  of  the  Master,  Harry  Emerson  Fosdick 
The  Challenge  of  the  Present  Crisis,  Harry  Emerson  Fos- 
dick 


86  BIBLIOGRAPHY 

Leadership 

Starting  to  Teach,  Eugene  C.  Foster 

Point  of  Contact  in  Teaching,  Patterson  Du  Bois 

Telling  Bible  Stories,  L.  S.  Houghton 

Leadership  of  Bible  Study  Groups,  H.  H.  Home 

Teaching  of  Bible  Classes,  Edwin  Francis  See 

Leadership,  C.  H.  Brent 

College  Women  and  Country  Leadership,  Jessie  Field 

Housing 

The  Tenement  House  Problem,  De  Forest  and  Veiller 
Modern  Housing  in  Town  and  Country,  James  Cornes 
A  Model  Tenement  House  Law,  Lawrence  Veiller 

Poverty 

Misery  and  Its  Causes,  E.  T.  Devine 
Poverty,  Robert  Hunter 
Principles  of  Relief,  E.  T.  Devine 

The  Family 

History  of  Human  Marriage,  E.  A.  Westermarck 
Method  of  Race  Regeneration,  C.  W.  Saleeby 
Problem  of  Race  Regeneration,  Havelock  Ellis 
Parenthood  and  Race  Culture,  C.  W.  Saleeby 
Mendel's  Principles  of  Heredity,  William  Bateson 

Municipal  Problems 

Modern  Civic  Art,  C.  M.  Robinson 

Improvement  of  Towns  and  Cities,  C.  M.  Robinson 

Civic  Bibliography  for  Greater  New  York,  J.  B.  Reynolds 

The  British  City,  Frederic  C.  Howe 

Municipal  Life  and  Government  in  Germany,  William  H. 

Dawson 
Replanninq  Small  Cities,  John  Nolen 
The  City  Manager,  the  New  Profession,  H.  A.  Toulmin 
Regulation  of  Public  Utilities,  Clyde  C.  King 
Satellite  Cities,  Grahafn  Taylor 
City  Planning,  Charles  M.  Robinson 


I 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  87 

Government  by  Commission,  John  W.  Hamilton 

Commission  Government  in  American  Cities,  E.  S.  Bradford 

Town  Planning,  George  Cadbury,  Jr. 

City  Planning,  John  Nolen 

On  the  Enforcement  of  Law  in  Cities,  Brand  Whitlock 

Immigration 

Immigration  Problem,  Jenks  and  Lauck 
The  Melting  Pot,  Israel  Zangwill 
The  Making  of  an  American,  Jacob  A.  Riis 
Changing  America,  E.  A.  Ross 

The  Negro  Question 

In  Black  and  White — An  Interpretation  of  the  Southern 

Life,  Lily  H.  Hammond 
Negro  Life  in  the  South,  W.  D.  Weatherford 
Souls  of  Black  Folk,  W.  E.  B.  Dubois 
The  History  of  the  Negro,  Booker  T.  Washington 
The  Basis  of  Ascendency,  E.  G.  Murphy 
Up  from  Slavery,  Booker  T.  Washington 
The  Builder  of  a  Race,  Scott  and  Stowe 

Penology 

The  Criminal,  Havelock  Ellis 

Within  Prison  Walls,  Thomas  Mott  Osborne 

Society  and  Prisons,  Thomas  Mott  Osborne 

Peace  Problems 

The  Federation  of  the  World,  Benjamin  F.  Trueblood 
Towards  International  Government,  John  A.  Hobson 
The  Maze  of  the  Nations,  and  the  Way  Out,  G.  G.  Atkins 
Peace  Problems,  Frederick  H.  Lynch 

Socialism 

The  New  Basis  of  Civilization,  S.  N.  Patten 
Socialism  As  It  Is,  William  E.  Walling 

Social  Duties  from  the  Christian   Point  of   View,   E.   B. 
Henderson 


88  BIBLIOGRAPHY 

The  Liquor  Problem 

The  Liquor  Problem,  Norman  Richardson 

The  Drink  Problem,  Richard  H.  Edwards 

Drink  and  Be  Sober,  Vance  Thompson 

Alcohol,  How  It  Affects  the  Individual,  the  Community, 

AND  THE  Race,  H.  S.  Williams 
The  Economic  Aspect  of  the  Liquor  Problem,  John  Koren 

Social  Morality 

A  New  Conscience  and  an  Ancient  Evil,  Jane  Addams 
Prostitution  in  Europe,  Abraham  Flexner 
Commercial  Prostitution  in  New  York  City,  G.  J.  Knee- 
land 
The  Christian  Approach  to  Social  Morality,  R.  C.  Cabot 

Sex  Life 

Sex  Education,  I.  S.  Wile 

From  Youth  to  Manhood,  W.  S.  Hall 

The  Rational  Sex  Life  for  Men,  Max  Exner 

Three  Gifts  of  Life:   A   Girl's  Responsibility  for  Race, 

Progress,  N.  M.  Smith 
Social  Emergency:  Studies  in  Sex   Hygiene  and  Morals, 

W.  J.  Foster 
Keeping  in  Condition,  Harry  H.  Moore 

Boy  Life  and  Girl  Life 

BoYOLOGY,  H.  W.  Gibson 

Studies  in  Adolescent  Boyhood,  H.  M.  Burr 

Boy  Problems  in  the  Home,  W.  B.  Forbush 

Boy  Life  and  Self-Government,  G.  W.  Fiske 

The  Boy  and  His  Gang,  J.  A.  Puffer 

Youth  and  the  Race,  E.  J.  Swift 

Girls  and  Education,  L.  R.  Briggs 

The  Girl  in  Her  Teens,  Margaret  Slattery 

The  Girl  and  Her  Religion,  Margaret  Slattery 

He  Took  It  Upon  Himself,  Margaret  Slattery 

Training  the  Girl,  William  A.  McKeever 

Young  Working  Girls,  Woods  and  Kennedy 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  89 

Problems  of  Child  Welfare,  G.  B.  Mangold 
The  Child:  A  Study  in  the  Evolution  of  Man,  A.  F.  Cham- 
berlain 

Education  and  Vocation 

Choosing  a  Vocation,  Frank  Parsons 

Vocational  Guidance  of  Youth,  Meyer  Bloomfield 

Association  Educational  Work  for  Men  and  Boys,  George 

B.  Hodge 
Annals  of  Educational  Progress  During  the  Year  1910 

AND  Following  Years,  J.  P.  Garber 
Principles  of  Teaching,  E.  L.  Thorndike 
Habit  Formation  and  the  Science  of  Teaching,  S.  H.  Rowe 
Psychological  Principles  of  Education,  H.  H.  Home 
Psychology  in  the  School  Room,  Dexter  and  Garlich 
Analyzing  Character,  Dr.  Katherine  Blackford 
The  Job,  the  Man  and  the  Boss,  Dr.  Katherine  Blackford 
Idealism  in  Education,  H.  H.  Home 
Ethical   and    Moral   Instruction   in   Schools,    George   H. 

Palmer 

The  Woman  Movement 

Women  in  Modern  Society,  Earl  Barnes 
Woman's  Share  in  Social  Culture,  Anna  Garlin  Spencer 
Woman  in  Social  Progress,  Scott  Nearing 
Wage-Earning  Women,  Dr.  A.  M.  MacLean 
A  Short  History  of  Women's  Rights,  Eugene  A.  Hecker 
Some  Ethical  Gains  Through  Legislation,  Florence  Kelley 
Women  and  Economics,  Charlotte  Perkins  Gilman 
Story  of  a  Pioneer,  Anna  H.  Shaw 

Woman  Suffrage  by  Federal  Constitutional  Amendment, 
Carrie  Chapman  Catt 

Physical  Education 

Camping  for  Boys,  H.  W.  Gibson 

Camp  and  Outing  Activities,  F.  H.  Cheley  and  G.  C.  Baker 
Games  for  the  Playground,  Home,  School,  and  Gymnasium, 
m         J.  H.  Bancroft 


90  BIBLIOGRAPHY 

Graded  Calisthenics  and  Dumb  Bell  Drills,  A.  B.  Wegener 

Robert's  Classified  Exercises,  A.  K.  Jones 

Gymnastic  Games,  A.  M.  Chesley 

Graded  Gymnastic  Exercises,  Physical  Directors'  Society 

At  Home  in  the  Water,  George  H.  Corsan 

Story  Telling 

The  Art  of  Story  Telling,  J.  D.  Cowles 

How  to  Tell  Stories  to  Children,  Sara  Cone  Bryant 

Story   Telling — What  to   Tell  and   How  to   Tell   It,   E. 

Lyman 
Story  of  Roland,  James  Baldwin 
Stories  of  Norse  Heroes,  E,  M.  Wilmot-Buxton 
Merry  Adventures  of  Robin  Hood,  Howard  Pyle 
Story  of  King  Arthur  and  His  Knights,  Howard  Pyle 
Around  the  Fire,  H.  M.  Burr 

Miscellaneous 

Socialism  and  the  Ethics  of  Jesus,  H.  C.  Vedder 

Encyclopedia  on  Social  Service,  Bliss 

Societal  Evolution,  Albert  Galloway  Keller 

The  Play  of  Man,  Karl  Groos 

The  Church  and  the  People's  Play,  H.  A.  Atkinson 

The  Spirit  of  Youth  and  the  City  Streets,  Jane  Addams 

Child  Labor  and  the  City  Streets,  E.  N.  Clopper 

The  Junior  Republic,  W.  R.  George 

Twenty  Years  at  Hull  House,  Jane  Addams 

The  Social  Center,  Edward  J.  Ward 

How  the  Other  Half  Lives,  Jacob  Riis 

The  New  Democracy,  W.  E.  Weyl 

Democracy  in  the  Making.    (A  full  account  of  the  Open  Forum 

Movement  at  Ford  Hall,  Boston) 
Efficient  Democracy,  W.  H.  Wallen 
The  Shield,  Issued  by  Maxim  Gorky 
Sin  and  Society,  E.  A.  Ross 
The  Quest  of  the  Best,  W.  D.  Hyde 
The  American  Woman  and  Her  Home,  Mrs.  A.  L.  Hillis 
Our  World,  Josiah  Strong 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  91 

Social  Engineering,  Wm.  H.  Tolman 

The  Social  Engineer,  Edwin  Lee  Earp 

Constructive  Rural  Sociology,  J.  M.  Gillette 

Preventive  Treatment  of  Neglected  Children,  Hastings  H. 
Hart 

Handbook  of  Settlements,  Woods  and  Kennedy 

The  Care  of  Destitute,  Neglected,  and  Delinquent  Chil- 
dren, Homer  Folks 

The  Almshouse:  Construction  and  Management,  Alexander 
Johnson 

Juvenile  Courts  and  Probation,  Flexner  and  Baldwin 

Constructive  and  Preventive  Philanthropy,  Joseph  Lee 

Social  Welfare  in  New  Zealand,  Hugh  H.  Lusk 

Everyday  Ethics,  Ella  L.  Cabot 

Christian  Citizenship  for  Girls,  Helen  Thoburn 

The  Art  of  Public  Speaking,  Esenwein  and  Carnagey 

The  Coming  Newspaper,  Merl  Thorpe 

Among  School  Gardens,  M.  Louise  Green 

Fatigue  and  Efficiency,  Josephine  Goldmark 

Mind  and  Work,  Luther  Gulick 

How  TO  Live,  Fisher  and  Fisk 

Scout  Masters'  Handbook 

Camp  Fire  Manual 

Boy  Scout  Manual 

Woodcraft  Manual 

Indoor  Games  and  Socials  for  Boys,  G.  C.  Baker 

Social  Activities,  A.  M.  Chesley 

Magazines 

American  City,  87  Nassau  Street,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

American  Youth,  124  East  28th  Street,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Association  Men,  124  East  28th  Street,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

The  Association  Seminar,  Y.  M.  C.  A.  College,  Springfield,  Mass. 

Journal  of  Religious  Psychology,   Clark  University,   Worcester, 

Mass. 
Pedagogical  Seminar,  Clark  University,  Worcester,  Mass. 
Physical  Training,  124  East  28th  Street,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
The  Playground,  I  Madison  Avenue,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Religious  Education,  332  South  Michigan  Avenue,  Chicago,  111. 


92  BIBLIOGRAPHY 

Rural  Manhood,  124  East  28th  Street,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Social  Hygiene,  The  American  Social  Hygiene  Association,  The 

Waverly  Press,  Baltimore,  Md. 
The  Survey,  112  East  19th  Street,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Note;  For  books  suggesting  activities  see  page  33. 


APPENDIX 
CONSTITUTION  AND  BY-LAWS 

CONSTITUTION 
Article  I 

NAME    AND    OBJECT 

Section  1.  The  name  of  this  organization  shall  be  "The  Young 
Men's  Christian  Association  of ." 

Section  2.  The  object  of  this  Association  shall  be  the  improve- 
ment of  the  spiritual,  mental,  social,  and  physical  condition  of 
young  men  and  boys,  emphasizing  cooperation  with  existing  con- 
structive agencies. 

Section  3.  In  accomplishing  this  object  the  Association  may 
establish  and  provide  for  the  conduct  and  maintenance  of  Young 
Men's  Christian  Association  work  in  one  or  more  sections  of  the 
city,  and  for  particular  groups  of  young  men  and  boys.  It  may 
hold  or  dispose  of  such  property,  real  or  personal,  as  may  be 
given,  devised,  or  bequeathed  to  this  organization,  or  entrusted 
to  its  care  and  keeping,  and  may  purchase,  acquire,  and  dispose 
of  such  property  as  may  be  necessary  to  carry  out  the  purposes 
of  the  Association. 

Article  II 

MEMBERSHIP 

Section  1.  The  Membership  in  this  Association  shall  consist 
of  men  and  boys  of  good  moral  character,  twelve  years  of  age 
and  over,  who  have  paid  the  membership  fees  and  met  the 
other  requirements  which  may  be  prescribed  from  time  to  time 
by  the  Board  of  Directors. 

Section  2.  Those  members  eighteen  years  of  age  and  over, 
who  are  members  in  good  standing  of  evangelical  churches  as 
defined  by  the  International  Conventions  of  the  Young  Men's 
Christian  Associations  of  North  America,  and  they  only,  shall 
have  the  right  to  vote  and  hold  office. 

93 


94  APPENDIX 

Section  3.  Any  member  of  the  Association  may  propose  the 
name  of  an  applicant  for  membership.  All  applications  for 
membership  shall  be  passed  upon  in  such  manner  as  the  Board  of 
Directors  may  determine. 

Article  III 

MANAGEMENT 

Section  1.  The  Management  of  this  Association  shall  be  vested 
in  a  Board  of  Directors  of  fifteen  men,  who  are  twenty-one  years 
of  age  or  over,  and  who  possess  the  qualifications  for  holding 
oflBce  in  the  Association,  as  defined  in  Art.  II,  Sec.  2,  of  this 
Constitution.  Not  more  than  one-third  of  the  Directors  shall  be 
members  of  any  one  religious  denomination.  The  election  of 
Directors  shall  be  by  vote  of  the  qualified  members  annually  as 
provided  for  in  the  By-Laws.  The  oflicers  of  the  Board  of  Direc- 
tors shall  be  a  President,  a  Vice-President,  a  Recording  Secretary, 
and  a  Treasurer,  chosen  from  their  own  number,  as  provided  for 
in  the  By-Laws.  These  shall  also  be  the  officers  of  the  Associa- 
tion. 

Section  2.  The  Board  of  Directors  shall  have  and  exercise  all 
the  powers  necessary  to  control  the  work  and  policy  of  the  Asso- 
ciation in  all  its  details.  No  contract,  debt,  or  obligation  shall  be 
binding  unless  contracted  under  authority  of  the  Board. 

Section  3.  The  Board  of  Directors  shall  have  power  to  fill  for 
the  unexpired  terms  all  vacancies  occurring  in  their  number 
between  annual  elections.  They  shall  have  authority  to  make 
By-Laws  for  their  own  government,  and  for  the  government  of 
the  Association,  not  inconsistent  with  this  Constitution. 

Article  IV 

MEETINGS 

Section  1.  There  shall  be  an  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Associa- 
tion on  the of ,  at  which  time  a  statistical  and 

financial  report  of  the  Association  for  the  preceding  year  shall 
be  presented  by  the  President  and  Treasurer. 

Section  2.  The  Association  shall  hold  such  other  regular  meet- 
ings as  may  be  provided  for  in  its  By-Laws. 


APPENDIX  95 

Section  3.  Special  meetings  may  be  called  by  the  President 
or  by  order  of  the  Board  of  Directors.  Or,  upon  the  written 
request  of  fifteen  voting  members  of  the  Association,  the  Presi- 
dent or  the  Recording  Secretary  shall  call  a  meeting  specifying 
the  object,  which  shall  be  incorporated  in  the  notice,  and  which 
shall  be  posted  conspicuously  in  the  Association  headquarters 
for  at  least  ten  days  preceding  the  meeting.  A  notice  of  such 
meeting  shall  also  be  mailed  to  every  voting  member  at  least  one 
week  before  the  meeting.  No  business  shall  be  transacted  at 
such  special  meeting  except  that  for  which  the  call  is  issued. 

Section  Jf.  Twenty  members  shall  constitute  a  quorum  at  any 
meeting  of  the  members  of  this  Association. 

Section  5.  All  meetings  of  this  Association  shall  be  opened 
with  devotional  exercises. 

Section  6.  No  question  of  a  sectarian  or  partisan  political 
character  shall  be  acted  upon  or  discussed  in  any  meeting  of  this 
Association  or  of  its  Directors. 


Article  V 

AMENDMENTS 

Section  1.  This  Constitution  may  be  altered  or  amended  by 
a  vote  of  two-thirds  of  the  members  present  at  any  regularly 
constituted  meeting  of  the  Association,  provided  such  alteration 
or  amendment  shall  have  been  approved  by  the  Board  of  Direc- 
tors and  posted  conspicuously  in  the  Association  headquarters  for 
at  least  one  month  previous;  except,  that  this  Article  and  the 
Article  requiring  that  all  voting  and  office-holding  members  shall 
be  male  members  in  good  standing  of  evangelical  churches,  shall 
never  be  altered,  amended,  or  repealed. 


BY-LAWS  OF  THE  BOARD  OF  DIRECTORS 
Article  I 

ELECTIONS 

Section  1.     The  Annual  Election  of  Directors  shall  be  held  on 
the of  -— r— — ,  at  which  time  there  shall  be  chosen  by 


96  APPENDIX 

ballot  five  (5)  Directors  who  shall  hold  office  for  three  years,  or 
until  their  successors  shall  have  been  elected  and  qualified; 
except,  that  at  the  first  election  after  the  adoption  of  these 
By-Laws  there  shall  be  chosen  five  Directors  to  serve  for  three 
years,  five  for  two  years,  and  five  for  one  year. 

Section  2.  At  a  regular  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  at 
least  thirty  days  preceding  the  annual  election,  the  President 
shall  appoint  a  Nominating  Committee  of  five,  not  more  than 
two  of  whom  shall  be  from  any  one  religious  denomination,  to 
nominate  members  for  election  to  the  Board  of  Directors.  This 
Committee  shall  consist  of  three  members  of  the  Board  of  Direc- 
tors, whose  terms  of  office  do  not  expire  at  the  immediate  election, 
aijd  two  members  from  the  voting  membership  of  the  Associa- 
tion. At  least  fifteen  days  before  the  election  the  Nominating 
Committee  shall  post  conspicuously  in  the  Association  head- 
quarters a  copy  of  this  section  of  the  By-Laws,  together  with 
the  names  they  nominate.  Fifteen  voting  members  of  the  Asso- 
ciation may  present  in  writing  to  the  Nominating  Committee, 
not  later  than  ten  days  before  the  annual  election,  the  name  of 
any  voting  member  for  nomination.  Such  name  shall  be  posted 
immediately  by  the  Nominating  Committee.  No  person  shall  be 
eligible  for  election  as  Director  unless  his  name  shall  thus  have 
been  submitted  to,  or  nominated  by,  said  Nominating  Com- 
mittee. 

Section  3.  The  polls  shall  be  open  at  the  Association  office  on 
election  day  from  8.00  a.  m.  to  8.00  p.  m.  Each  voter  shall  give 
his  name  and  be  registered.  The  Nominating  Committee  shall 
have  charge  of  the  election,  count  the  ballots,  and  certify  the 
returns  to  the  Board  of  Directors. 

Section  Jf..  At  the  first  regular  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Direc- 
tors after  the  annual  election  of  the  Association,  the  Board  shall 
elect  by  ballot  from  its  own  number  a  President,  a  Vice-President, 
a  Recording  Secretary,  and  a  Treasurer.  The  said  officers  shall 
be  the  officers  of  the  Association  and  of  the  Board,  and  shall 
hold  office  for  one  year,  or  until  their  successors  are  elected  and 
qualify.  They  shall  have  power  to  perform  the  duties  incumbent 
upon  the  officers  of  like  name  in  similar  Associations,  subject  to 
these  By-Laws  and  such  regulations  as  may  be  provided. 


APPENDIX  97 

Article  II 

MEETINGS 

Section  1.     The  regular  meetings  of  the  Board  of  Directors 

shall  be  held  on  the of  each  month,  and  one  third  of 

the  membership  of  the  Board  shall  constitute  a  quorum  for  the 
transaction  of  business. 

Section  2.  Special  Meetings  may  be  called  by  the  Recording 
Secretary,  at  the  request  of  the  President,  or  upon  written  re- 
quest of  three  Directors.  The  object  of  such  meetings  shall  be 
stated  in  the  call  and  no  other  business  shall  be  transacted. 

Section  3.  All  meetings  of  the  Board  shall  be  opened  with 
devotional  exercises  and  the  order  of  the  business  shall  be  as 
follows : 

(1)  Roll  Call. 

(2)  Reading  minutes  of  previous  meeting. 

(3)  Report  of  the  Treasurer. 

(4)  Report  of  the  Community  Secretary. 

(5)  Reports  of  Standing  Committees. 

(6)  Reports  of  Special  Committees. 

(7)  Unfinished  business. 

(8)  New  Business. 

(9)  Discussion  of  Community  Problems. 

Section  ^.  All  reports  of  officers  and  committees  shall  be  made 
in  writing,  and  be  filed  with  the  Community  Secretary. 

Article  III 

MEMBERS 

Section  1.  Members  may  be  elected  at  any  meeting  of  the 
Board  of  Directors  by  a  vote  of  two-thirds  of  the  members 
present,  upon  recommendation  of  any  sub-committee. 

Section  2.  Qualifications  for  membership  in  a  Young  Men's 
Christian  Association  promoting  community  work:  The  candi- 
date for  membership  after  a  personal  interview  as  to  the  pur- 
pose of  the  Young  Men's  Christian  Association  should  be  willing 
to  subscribe  to  the  program,  and  by  personal  services  and  in- 
fluence be  willing  to  extend  the  Kingdom  of  God  throughout  the 
community. 


98  APPENDIX 

Article  IV 

COMMUNITY    COUNCIL 

Section  1,  The  Community  Council  shall  be  composed  of  all 
avowedly  interested  persons  in  the  community,  regardless  of 
affiliations  or  sex  and  shall  include  the  membership.  Board  of 
Directors,  and  sub-committees;  it  shall  act  in  an  advisory  rela- 
tion to  the  Board  of  Directors.  The  Board,  by  majority  vote  of 
those  present,  may  appoint  to  annual  membership  in  the  Com- 
munity Council  any  person  who  is  actively  interested  in  the 
work  of  the  Association.  This  Council  will  meet  upon  the  call 
of  the  President  of  the  Board,  and  the  President  shall  call  a 
meeting  of  the  Council  when  presented  with  a  written  request 
signed  by  ten  members  thereof. 

Section  2.  The  Older  Boys'  Cabinet  shall  be  composed  of 
Christian  boys  interested  in  the  welfare  of  the  boys  of  the  com- 
munity, and  shall  be  appointed  annually  by  the  Board.  It  shall 
be  related  to  the  Board  of  Directors  through  an  adult  adviser, 
and  shall  be  directly  responsible  to  the  Community  Secretary, 
meeting  at  his  call.  The  purpose  of  such  a  council  shall  be  ad- 
visory and  administrative  in  carrying  out  plans  directly  touching 
the  boy  life  of  the  community.  Such  organizations  and  sub- 
committees may  be  formed  as,  in  the  judgment  of  the  Board  and 
the  Community  Secretary,  are  essential  to  the  accomplishment 
of  this  purpose. 

Article  V 

DUTIES    OF    OFFICERS 

Section  1.  The  President  shall  preside  at  all  business  meet- 
ings of  the  Association  and  of  the  Board  of  Directors;  he  shall 
make  to  the  annual  meeting  of  the  Association  a  full  report  of 
the  year's  work;  he  shall  appoint  all  standing  committees  of  the 
Board  and  of  the  Association  and  shall  designate  the  chairmen 
thereof,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Board  of  Directors;  he 
shall  sign  all  legal  papers  of  the  Association  authorized  by  the 
Board  of  Directors. 

Section  2.  The  Vice-President,  during  the  absence  or  dis- 
ability of  the  President,  shall  have  the  power  and  perform  all 
the  duties  of  the  President. 


APPENDIX  99 

Section  3.  The  Treasurer  shall  receive  all  moneys  of  the 
Association  and  shall  disburse  them  under  the  order  of  the 
Board  of  Directors  and  after  proper  approval;  he  shall  keep  a 
full  account  of  all  moneys  received  and  paid  out  and  report 
same  to  the  Board  of  Directors  at  their  monthly  meetings,  and 
to  the  Association  at  the  annual  meetings,  and  at  other  times 
when  required.  He  shall  keep  all  funds  of  the  Association  and 
promptly  deposit  them  in  such  depositories  as  shall  be  desig- 
nated by  the  Board  of  Directors. 

Section  J/.,  The  Recording  Secretary  shall  keep  a  record  of 
the  minutes  of  all  the  business  meetings  of  the  Association  and 
of  the  Board  of  Directors,  and  shall  attest  same  with  his  signa- 
ture; he  shall  notify  all  officers  of  their  election  and  all  com- 
mittees of  their  appointment;  he  shall  notify  all  officers  and 
directors  of  all  business  meetings  of  the  Association  and  of  the 
Board  of  Directors;  he  shall  be  the  custodian  of  the  seal  of  the 
Association,  and  of  the  record  of  the  minutes  of  all  business 
meetings,  which  shall  be  kept  in  the  Association  office. 

Section  5.  The  Community  Secretary  shall  be  employed  by 
the  Board  of  Directors;  he  shall  be  the  executive  officer  of  the 
Board  and  of  the  Association;  he  shall  have  general  supervision 
of  the  work  of  all  employes;  shall  sign  all  orders  on  the  Treasurer 
for  the  disbursement  of  funds,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the 
Finance  Committee;  shall  attend  all  meetings  of  the  Board  of 
Directors,  and  shall  make  monthly  reports  to  the  Board  of 
Directors. 

Section  6.  All  other  employed  officers  and  employes  shall  be 
engaged  by  the  Board  of  Directors  upon  recommendation  of  the 
Community  Secretary.  Their  duties  shall  be  designated  by  the 
Community  Secretary,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Board  of 
Directors. 

Article  VI 

COMMITTEES 

Section  1.  The  Executive  Committee,  consisting  of  four  offi- 
cers of  the  Association  and  the  Chairman  of  the  Finance  Com- 
mittee, shall  act  for  the  Board  of  Directors  in  the  interim  between 
Board  meetings,  but  shall  not  have  power  to  reconsider  or  re- 
verse any  action  or  policy  of  the  Board,    The  Chairman  or  any 


100  APPENDIX 

two  members  may  call  meetings  at  any  time  and  three  members 
shall  constitute  a  quorum.  It  shall  report  all  its  actions  to  the 
regular  meetings  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  which,  when  ap- 
proved, shall  become  the  action  of  the  Board. 

Section  2.  There  shall  be  the  following  standing  committees, 
of  such  number  as  the  Board  of  Directors  shall  direct.  They 
shall  be  appointed  annually  by  the  President  and  approved  by 
the  Board  of  Directors. 

Members  of  the  Community  Council  shall  be  eligible  for  ap- 
pointment to  such  committees,  provided  the  chairman  in  each 
case  shall  be  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  except  the 
Executive  and  Finance  Committees,  which  shall  be  composed 
entirely  of  members  of  the  Board  of  Directors. 

1.  Executive  Committee. 

2.  Finance. 

3.  Cooperation  with  the  Home. 

4.  Cooperation  with  the  Church. 

5.  Older  Boys'  Cabinet. 

6.  Cooperation  with  the  School. 

7.  Cooperation  with  the  Municipality. 

8.  Cooperation  with  Industries. 

9.  Education  and  Promotion. 
10.  Community  Council. 

Additional  committees  may  be  appointed  from  time  to  time  as 
needed.  The  President  and  Community  Secretary  of  the  Asso- 
ciation shall  be  members  ex  oficio  of  all  committees  and  shall 
be  invited  to  all  committee  meetings. 

Section  3.  Each  standing  committee  shall  keep  minutes  of  its 
meetings  and  file  the  same  in  the  Association  office.  It  shall 
submit  to  the  Board  of  Directors  a  monthly  report  of  work  done. 
It  shall  not  enter  into  any  contract  or  incur  any  indebtedness  or 
financial  obligation  of  any  kind  except  under  authority  of  the 
Board  of  Directors.  It  shall  have  power  to  appoint  such  sub- 
committees for  carrying  on  the  work  under  its  direction  as  it 
may  deem  necessary. 

Subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  each  sub- 
committee shall  have  power  to  pass  such  rules  as  may  be  neces- 
sary for  the  conduct  of  the  work  entrusted  to  it. 


APPENDIX  101 

Section  4-  The  Business  and  Finance  Committee  shall  consist 
of  five  members  chosen  from  the  Board  of  Directors  at  the  be- 
ginning of  each  fiscal  year.  It  shall  devise  means  for  obtaining 
the  necessary  funds  for  current  expenses  and  plan  for  the  secur- 
ing of  these  funds  with  the  cooperation  of  the  Board  of  Direc- 
tors. At  the  monthly  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Directors  pre- 
ceding the  close  of  the  fiscal  year  in  April  the  Finance  Committee 
shall  present  in  writing  an  itemized  estimate  of  the  Association's 
income  and  expenses  for  the  ensuing  year,  and  upon  revision  or 
approval  by  the  Board  of  Directors,  this  estimate  shall  become 
the  authorized  budget  for  the  ensuing  fiscal  year;  no  obligation 
beyond  the  amount  thus  appropriated  shall  be  incurred  by  any 
committee  or  agent  of  the  Association  unless  authorized  by  the 
Board  of  Directors.  The  Chairman  of  the  Finance  Committee 
shall  approve  all  orders  on  the  Treasurer  for  the  disbursement 
of  funds;  orders  which  are  not  approved  shall  be  submitted  to 
the  Finance  Committee  for  final  action;  it  shall  designate  which 
order  shall  be  given  precedence  for  payment  by  the  Treasurer; 
it  shall  require  all  officers  and  employes  handling  funds  of  the 
Association  to  furnish  surety  bonds,  at  the  expense  of  the  Asso- 
ciation, and  shall  approve  such  bonds  and  fix  the  amount  thereof; 
it  shall  present  at  each  monthly  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Direc- 
tors a  statement  brought  down  to  the  last  business  day  of  the 
preceding  calendar  month,  showing  the  total  liabilities  and 
assets,  the  proportion  of  the  receipts  and  disbursements  for  each 
department  as  compared  with  the  budget,  and  the  amount  yet 
to  be  received  and  expended  by  each  department. 

Section  5.  The  Business  and  Finance  Committee  shall  see 
that  all  accounts  are  audited  annually  and  publicity  given  to  the 
same. 

Article  VII 

ORGANIZATIONS 

Section  1.  No  organization  shall  be  efiFected  within  or  in  con- 
nection with  this  Association  except  with  the  approval  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  and  all  such  organizations  shall  be  under 
control  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  and  their  Constitution,  By- 
Laws,  and  Rules  shall  be  approved  by  the  Board  of  Directors. 
The  Board  of  Directors  shall  have  power  to  overrule  any  action. 


102  APPENDIX 

and  at  any  time,  to  reorganize  or  disband  any  such  organization. 
Section  2.     The  President  and  Community  Secretary  shall  be 
ex  officio  members  of  any  and  all  such  organizations. 

Article  VIII 

DISCIPLINE 

Section  1.  In  case  of  misconduct  or  neglect  of  duty  in  oflBce, 
a  two-thirds  majority  of  the  Board  of  Directors  may  declare  the 
oflSce  of  such  ofifender  vacant. 

Section  2,  Full  authority  is  given  the  Board  of  Directors  to 
deal  with  all  cases  of  disorder,  insubordination,  or  immorality, 
on  the  part  of  any  member  or  person  visiting  the  rooms  or  taking 
part  in  any  meeting  of  the  Association,  provided  the  accused  shall 
have  had  reasonable  notice  and  opportunity  for  making  defense. 

Article  IX 

AMENDMENTS 

Section  1.  These  By-Laws  may  be  amended  at  any  regular 
meeting  of  the  Board  of  Directors  by  a  two-thirds  vote  of  all 
members  present,  provided  notice  of  such  amendment  shall  have 
been  given  in  writing  at  a  previous  regular  meeting. 


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